Twist-bend (TB) phases possess a local helical structure with a pitch length of a few nanometers. The TB phase was first observed in low molecular weight dimers, and as such these have been the focus of efforts to understand the properties and structure of these new phases of matter. Recently several oligomeric and polymeric materials have been reported, but there is little information on the properties and structure of the TB phase in these materials. Herein we compare the order parameters, orientational distribution functions (ODF) and heliconical tilt angles of the TB phase exhibited by a liquid-crystalline dimer (CB7CB) to a tetramer (O47) and hexamer (O67) by SAXS/WAXS. Following the N-TB phase transition we find that all order parameters decrease, and while P2 remains positive P4 becomes negative. For all three materials the order parameter P6 is near zero in both phases. The ODF is sugarloaf-like in the nematic phase and volcano-like in the TB phase, allowing us to estimate the heliconical tilt angle of each material and its thermal evolution. Surprisingly, the heliconical tilt angle appears to be largely independent of the material studied despite the differing number of mesogenic units.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp00736a | DOI Listing |
Chem Commun (Camb)
April 2022
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Zwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
Liquid crystal oligomers, namely dimers, trimers and tetramers, consisting of cyanobiphenyl and benzylideneaniline-based mesogenic units connected by either linear or bent alkoxy or alkyl spacers are reported. These materials, although built from achiral molecules, show the spontaneously chiral heliconical twist-bend nematic (N) phase. We report the relationships between the shape of the oligomer, and the N phase stability, the temperature dependence of the helical pitch length and tilt angle, birefringence, and elastic constants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
February 2021
Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA. and Materials Science Graduate Program, Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
The helical pitch formed by organic molecules, such as the α-helix of proteins, usually requires hydrogen bonding between chiral units and long-range positional order. It was recently found that certain liquid crystal oligomers can have a twist-bend nematic (NTB) phase with nanoscale heliconical structure without hydrogen bonding, molecular chirality or positional order. To understand the nature of this unique structure, here we present hard and resonant tender X-ray scattering studies of two novel sulfur containing dimer materials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
April 2020
Department of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
A series of bent-shaped 4-cyanoresorcinol bisterephthalates is reported. Some of these achiral compounds spontaneously form a short-pitch heliconical lamellar liquid-crystalline phase with incommensurate 3-layer pitch and the helix axis parallel to the layer normal. It is observed at the paraelectric-(anti)ferroelectric transition, if it coincides with the transition from random to uniform tilt and with the transition from anticlinic to synclinic tilt correlation of the molecules in the layers of the developing tilted smectic phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
June 2019
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
The heliconical twist-bend nematic (N_{TB}) phase is a promising candidate for novel electro-optic and photonic applications. However, the phase generally exists at elevated temperatures and across a narrow temperature interval, limiting its implementation in device fabrication, which would ideally require the liquid crystal phase to be stable at room temperature. Here we report the formation of room-temperature N_{TB} phases by in situ photopolymerization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Chem Chem Phys
March 2019
Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Twist-bend (TB) phases possess a local helical structure with a pitch length of a few nanometers. The TB phase was first observed in low molecular weight dimers, and as such these have been the focus of efforts to understand the properties and structure of these new phases of matter. Recently several oligomeric and polymeric materials have been reported, but there is little information on the properties and structure of the TB phase in these materials.
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