Selective proximal vagotomy (SPV) evoked the same alterations in the motility of fundal part of the dog stomach as truncal vagotomy. Within 2-3 months the fundal motility was completely normalized. If the SPV were carried out with preserved innervation in the cardial zone, the motility restoration was accelerated to 7-10 days. But is SPV was added to the disconnection of antral part with proximal stomach, its motility did not restore at all. SPV initially suppressed the insulin secretion to 70-85 per cent; in 6-12 months this suppression decreased to 60 per cent and stabilized on this level. The Auerbach plexus seems to differ from the Meissner plexus in that the former can transfer the gaval influence from the innervated zone into the denervated one. Judging by the functional indices the growth of vagal fibers from the innervated zone into the denervated one did not take place.
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Hear Res
December 2024
Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address:
Auditory-nerve fibers (ANFs) from a given cochlear region can vary in threshold sensitivity by up to 60 dB, corresponding to a 1000-fold difference in stimulus level, although each fiber innervates a single inner hair cell (IHC) via a single synapse. ANFs with high-thresholds also have low spontaneous rates (SRs) and synapse on the side of the IHC closer to the modiolus, whereas the low-threshold, high-SR fibers synapse on the side closer to the pillar cells. Prior biophysical work has identified modiolar-pillar differences in both pre- and post-synaptic properties, but a comprehensive explanation for the wide range of sensitivities remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurol
December 2024
Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, United States.
Objectives: Proximal median nerve (PMN) neuropathies are caused by lesions proximal to the carpal tunnel, which include the forearm, elbow, upper arm, and brachial plexus. Differentiating between carpal tunnel syndrome and PMN neuropathies is important to guide management and is based on clinical, electrodiagnostic (EDX), and ultrasound (US) findings. This study describes the clinical, EDX, and US features in 62 patients with PMNs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicina (B Aires)
December 2024
Laboratorio de Innovaciones Neuroquirúrgicas de Tucumán (LINT), Tucumán, Argentina.
Introduction: Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a rare condition, characterized by unilateral, paroxysmal and involuntary contraction of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve (FN). The most common cause is a vascular conflict in the exit zone of the FN. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of neurovascular decompression (NVD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Commun
November 2024
Spaulding Neuroimaging Laboratory, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
Can J Neurol Sci
November 2024
Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
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