Sundberg and Michael (2011) reviewed the contributions of Skinner's (1957) to the treatment of language delays in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and discussed several aspects of interventions, including mand training, intraverbal repertoire development, and the importance of using Skinner's taxonomy of verbal behavior in the clinical context. In this article, we provide an update of Sundberg and Michael's review and expand on some discussion topics. We conducted a systematic review of studies that focused on Skinner's verbal operants in interventions for children with ASD that were published from 2001 to 2017 and discussed the findings in terms of journal source, frequency, and type of verbal operant studied.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40616-017-0093-7 | DOI Listing |
Introduction Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a fundamental practice-based intervention for treating autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Few studies have directly measured and evaluated the effects of ABA on verbal behaviors, mainly using the Verbal Behavior Milestones Assessment and Placement Program (VBMAPP) and the Assessment of Basic Language and Learning Skills (ABLLS) as outcome measures. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the relationship between ABA interventions and the enhancement of verbal skills, as measured by the VBMAPP and the ABLLS, in a convenience sample of individuals with ASD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPostep Psychiatr Neurol
December 2023
Institute of Psychology, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland.
Purpose: To illustrate the processes of development within the behavioral theory and the corresponding expansion of the areas in which it is applied, especially the advancement (conceptual developments) of the functional analysis of language inspired by Relational Frame Theory (RFT) research.
Views: Classical and operant conditioning are well-established behavioral learning processes, discovered and described at the beginning of the twentieth century. They provide the tools for analyzing, establishing and modifying the functions of stimuli and responses of the organisms through manipulation of the environment.
Sch Psychol
February 2024
Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, University of Tennessee.
A longitudinal randomized design was used with a sample of 57 third-grade students to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of three variations of cover, copy, and compare (CCC; traditional CCC, CCC-answer only, and CCC-paired responding) on multiplication fluency in third-grade students. Traditional CCC requires students to write the problem and answer as a response, CCC-answer only requires students only to write the answer, and CCC-paired responding requires students to write the answer only, then verbally state the problem and answer twice. The interventions occurred for 4 min per day, 5 days per week, across 11 calendar weeks (minus 1 week during a school break).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerspect Behav Sci
December 2023
Department of Psychology, Smith College, Northampton, MA USA.
Behavior analysis is virtually alone among disciplines in assuming that the orderly arrangement of words in sentences, or grammar, arises from exposure to contingencies of reinforcement. In the face of the novelty, subtlety, complexity, and speed of acquisition of verbal behavior, this position will remain difficult to defend until the field can show that a representative range of grammatical phenomena is within reach of its interpretive tools. Using modern English as a case in point, this article points to the important role of automatic reinforcement in language acquisition and suggests that Skinner's concept of autoclitic frames (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerspect Behav Sci
December 2023
Institute for Applied Behavioral Science, Endicott College, MA Beverly, USA.
The acquisition of verbal behavior is complex and requires the analysis of myriad variables. Ernst Moerk estimated that by the time a child has reached 4 years of age they have experienced nearly 9 million language learning trials with mothers using at least 14 categories of maternal teaching interactions. The interactions provide a foundation for children learning the tact, mand, echoic, intraverbal, autoclitic, and other relations, described by Skinner in .
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