This study describes autosomal STR profiles of the populations of South and North Afghanistan. A total of 188 unrelated individuals residing north (n = 42) and south (n = 146) of the Hindu Kush Range within the territory of Afghanistan were examined against the background of 54 geographically targeted reference populations from Eurasia and North East Africa. The main objective of this study was to investigate longitudinal gene flow across the Hindu Kush Range and Eurasia. Genetic differentiation tests between North and South Afghanistan generated insignificant genetic differences for all loci. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) plots based on Fst distances and Neighbor-Joining (N-J) analysis indicated genetic affinities between the Afghani groups and Indian/Near East/West Asian populations. Admixture and Structure analyses demonstrate a gradient of genetic continuity within a major east to west cline that includes North and South Afghanistan as intermediate populations. Overall, although Afghanistan is surrounded by a number of natural barriers, instead of an isolated territory, it has been a genetically porous region providing a migrational nexus to the rest of Eurasia.
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Sci Rep
January 2025
UNESCO Centre of Water Law, Policy & Science, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
Understanding snow and ice melt dynamics is vital for flood risk assessment and effective water resource management in populated river basins sourced in inaccessible high-mountains. This study provides an AI-enabled hybrid approach integrating glacio-hydrological model outputs (GSM-SOCONT), with different machine learning and deep learning techniques framed as alternative 'computational scenarios, leveraging both physical processes and data-driven insights for enhanced predictive capabilities. The standalone deep learning model (CNN-LSTM), relying solely on meteorological data, outperformed its counterpart machine learning and glacio-hydrological model equivalents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
Cannabis trichome development progresses in distinct phases that underpin the dynamic biosynthesis of cannabinoids and terpenes. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying cannabinoid and terpenoid biosynthesis in glandular trichomes of Cannabis sativa (CsGTs) throughout their development. Female Cannabis sativa c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
February 2025
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; DST-Mahamana Centre of Excellence in Climate Change Research, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Electronic address:
Emission estimates of carbon-containing greenhouse gases (CO, CH) and aerosols (PM) were made from forest fire across South Asia using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) based thermal anomalies and fire products. VIIRS 375 m I-band active fire product was selectively retrieved for the years 2012-2021 over forest cover across South Asia. Annual incidence of fire events across South Asia was 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBraz J Biol
September 2024
INTI International University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Nilai, Malaysia.
The phytosociological survey was conducted during 2018-2020. The research area was classified into five ecological zones based on habitat, physiognomy and species composition. Pc-Ord software was used for cluster analysis and four vegetation communities were established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethnobiol Ethnomed
May 2024
Phytoecology Lab, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
Background: In northwestern Pakistan, Lotkuh is a high-altitude terrain nestled within the eastern Hindu Kush region. Enclaved by towering peaks and harboring a unique culture, the region mirrors the geographical and cultural diversity of Pakistan. In this geographically isolated region, a treasure trove of ethnobotanical knowledge unfolds through generations of interaction between the inhabitants and indigenous plants, resulting in a profound understanding of the plant uses in nutritional, medicinal, cultural, and ritual contexts.
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