An immobilized enzyme system for bioconversion of Lo Han Kuo (LHK) mogrosides was established. β-Glucosidase which was covalently immobilized onto the glass spheres exhibited a significant bioconversion efficiency from pNPG to pnitrophenol over other carriers. Optimum operational pH and temperature were determined to be pH 4 and 30°C. Results of storage stability test demonstrated that the glass sphere enzyme immobilization system was capable of sustaining more than 80% residual activity until 50 days, and operation reusability was confirmed for at least 10 cycles. The Michaelis constant ( ) of the system was determined to be 0.33 mM. The kinetic parameters, rate constant () at which Mogrosides conversion was determined, the in which 50% of mogroside V deglycosylation/mogroside IIIE production was reached, and the complete of complete mogroside V deglycosylation/mogroside IIIE production, were 0.044/0.017 min, 15.6/41.1 min, and 60/120 min, respectively. Formation of the intermediates contributed to the kinetic differences between mogroside V deglycosylation and mogroside IIIE formation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.932 | DOI Listing |
JACS Au
October 2024
Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
In an era marked by a growing demand for sustainable and high-performance materials, the convergence of additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, and the thermal treatment, or pyrolysis, of polymers to form high surface area hierarchically structured carbon materials stands poised to catalyze transformative advancements across a spectrum of electrification and energy storage applications. Designing 3D printed polymers using low-cost resins specifically for conversion to high performance carbon structures via post-printing thermal treatments overcomes the challenges of 3D printing pure carbon directly due to the inability of pure carbon to be polymerized, melted, or sintered under ambient conditions. In this perspective, we outline the current state of AM methods that have been used in combination with pyrolysis to generate 3D carbon structures and highlight promising systems to explore further.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChilds Nerv Syst
January 2024
Department of Neuro-Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Introduction: The Cirq robotic alignment system (Brainlab, Munich, Germany) is a manually adjustable electronic arm with a robotic alignment module on its distal end, enabling the neurosurgeon to automatically and accurately align surgical instruments to a preoperatively planned trajectory. In this study, we share our first experiences and results using Cirq for intracranial tumor biopsy in children.
Methods: From May 2021 until October 2022, all consecutive patients that underwent a brain tumor biopsy using Cirq were included and compared to a historical cohort of patients biopsied with the non-robotic system Varioguide (Brainlab, Munich, Germany).
Br J Neurosurg
December 2023
Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neuroscience, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature on the clinical outcomes following different surgical techniques in patients with refractory idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).
Background: IIH is a condition characterised by increased cranial pressure (ICP) in the absence of an intracranial lesion that does not adequately respond to different medical and surgical therapies. Cranial decompression or expansion surgeries are a last resort therapy for patients with refractory IIH.
J Pediatr
November 2020
Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center; Utrecht; University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Objective: To compare the effect of intervention at low vs high threshold of ventriculomegaly in preterm infants with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation on death or severe neurodevelopmental disability.
Study Design: This multicenter randomized controlled trial reviewed lumbar punctures initiated after either a low threshold (ventricular index of >p97 and anterior horn width of >6 mm) or high threshold (ventricular index of >p97 + 4 mm and anterior horn width of >10 mm). The composite adverse outcome was defined as death or cerebral palsy or Bayley composite cognitive/motor scores <-2 SDs at 24 months corrected age.
Childs Nerv Syst
September 2019
Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, room G03.124, 3484, CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Introduction: Complications following cranioplasty with either autografts or cranial implants are commonly reported in pediatric patients. However, data regarding cranioplasty strategies, complications and long-term outcomes are not well described. This study systematically reviews the literature for an overview of current cranioplasty practice in children.
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