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Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments. | LitMetric

Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments.

Sci Rep

Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.

Published: March 2019

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Recent theories in evolutionary medicine have suggested that behavioural outputs associated with depression-like states (DLS) could be an adaptation to unpredictable and precarious situations. In animal models, DLS are often linked to diverse and unpredictable stressors or adverse experiences. Theoretically, there are a range of potential fitness benefits associated with behavioural inhibition (typical to DLS), as opposed to more active/aggressive responses to adverse or uncontrollable events. This stance of evolutionary medicine has to our knowledge not been tested empirically. Here we address a possible key benefit of behavioural inhibition in a comparative model for social stress (territorial rainbow trout). By treating fish with the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine, we reversed the behavioural inhibition (i.e. stimulated an increase in activity level) in subordinate fish. During confrontation with a previously unfamiliar larger, aggressive and dominant individual, this increase in activity led to higher amounts of received aggression compared to sham-treated subordinates. This suggests that the behavioural inhibition characterizing animal models of DLS is indeed an effective coping strategy that reduces the risk of injuries in vulnerable social situations.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6405905PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40390-3DOI Listing

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