CME: Evaluation of Hypokalemia Abstract. Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte abnormality in clinical practice. While often asymptomatic, it can be associated with severe adverse outcomes. The etiology is often obvious or can be established based on clinical history. In other cases, a systematic approach and knowledge of the physiologic and pathophysiologic key players are necessary. Pathophysiologically, inadequate intake, extra- to intracellular shift and potassium loss (renal, gastrointestinal, sweat) or a combination thereof can contribute to hypokalemia. In this article we discuss the differential diagnosis and the diagnostic approach to this common electrolyte abnormality.
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