Implementation of a Palivizumab Order Panel to Decrease Inappropriate Use.

Objective: Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody used to prevent infection from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in certain patients who are at high risk for complications. A previous medication use evaluation (MUE) demonstrated 12% of our palivizumab use did not meet criteria for use. Prior to the start of the 2016-2017 RSV season, an order panel was implemented requiring prescribers to select the approved criterion for each patient prescribed palivizumab. In addition, our restriction policy changed to state that palivizumab use outside of preapproved criteria would require authorization from pediatric infectious diseases or the antimicrobial stewardship team. An MUE was conducted during the summer of 2017 to determine whether the order panel had an impact on appropriate prescribing of palivizumab.

Methods: Medication orders for patients who received palivizumab from December 2015 to April 2016 and from December 2016 to April 2017 were reviewed to determine the proportion of patients who did not meet the preapproved restriction criteria. Charts were reviewed to verify indications of palivizumab for each patient during both seasons. A χ test was used to compare the proportion of inappropriate orders between the 2 seasons.

Results: During the 2015-2016 RSV season, of the 80 palivizumab orders, there were 11 inappropriate administrations (13.8%). During the 2016-2017 RSV season, 70 orders were administered to patients, and 4 doses (5.7%) were inappropriate. The cost of palivizumab increased from year 1 to year 2 (acquisition cost of $2477.44 per 100 mg/mL vial during year 1, $2613.71 per 100 mg/mL vial during year 2). An estimated cost avoidance of $12,807.18 was observed due to the decrease in the number of inappropriate administrations of palivizumab following implementation of the order panel (n = 7). There was an overall reduction in the number of inappropriate orders from year 1 to year 2 (8.1%); however, the reduction was not significant (p = 0.102).

Conclusions: Following the implementation of the order panel plus restriction policy, we observed a decrease in the proportion of inappropriate doses that were administered from the preimplementation period to the postimplementation period, which also resulted in a cost avoidance of approximately $13,000.