[Comparison of laparoscopic exploration and exploratory laparotomy in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal open trauma].

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic exploration in the diagnosis and treatment of abdominal open trauma.

Methods: Patients with abdominal open trauma admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from August to December in 2018 were enrolled. According to different exploration methods, 11 patients undergoing laparoscopic exploration were grouped into laparoscopy group and 20 patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy were grouped into laparotomy group. The operation time, the length of hospital stay, cases without abdominal visceral injury, postoperative exhaustion time, cases with complications and incision length were compared between the two groups.

Results: All the 31 patients were experienced with knife stab wound, with 26 males and 5 females, and the age was (33.39±11.47) years old. Compared with the laparotomy group, the length of hospital stay was significantly shorted in the laparoscopy group (days: 6.64±2.94 vs. 11.65±5.62), the postoperative exhaustion time was significantly decreased (hours: 40.36±29.04 vs. 75.60±42.84), the cases with complication was significantly decreased (case: 1 vs. 9), the incision length was significantly shorted (cm: 5.50±5.14 vs. 16.95±5.28), all of which results had statistical significance (all P < 0.05). The operation time of laparoscopy group was shorter than that of laparotomy group (hours: 2.18±0.87 vs. 2.61 ±1.28), but without significant difference (P > 0.05). Confirmed by surgical exploration, 5 patients had no abdominal visceral injury, with 3 in the laparoscopy group and 2 in the laparotomy group, and the result had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions: For patients with abdominal open trauma, laparoscopic exploration is helpful for diagnosis as quickly as possible, with less trauma and reduction of complications incidence, and is conducive to postoperative rehabilitation.