Elevated homocysteine level and prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis.

Controversial results exist with respect to the association between elevated homocysteine level and adverse prognosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of homocysteine level on ACS patients. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Embase databases was conducted prior to August 2018. Prospective observational studies reporting the association of baseline homocysteine level with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in ACS patients were selected. Pooled risk ratio (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the highest versus the lowest homocysteine level. Ten studies including 4120 ACS patients were identified. ACS patients with the highest homocysteine level had an increased risk of MACE (RR 2.01; 95% CI 1.53-2.64) and all-cause mortality (RR 2.05; 95% CI 1.50-2.79) after controlling confounding factors. However, the association between elevated homocysteine level and cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.08; 95% CI 0.83-1.39) was not statistically significant. Elevated homocysteine level was associated with an increased risk of MACE and all-cause mortality among ACS patients. However, the association of elevated homocysteine level with cardiovascular mortality in ACS patients should be further confirmed in future studies.