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Antibiofouling Performance by Polyethersulfone Membranes Cast with Oxidized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Arabic Gum. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study addresses the challenge of membrane biofouling in filtration technology by developing new polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with integrated functionalized oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (OMWCNT) and arabic gum (AG).
  • Extensive characterization and performance testing demonstrated that these composite membranes exhibited improved hydrophilicity, negative surface charge, and lower surface roughness compared to plain PES membranes, contributing to their anti-biofouling properties.
  • The enhanced membranes effectively inhibited bacterial colonization and maintained better filtration performance with higher normalized flux values compared to traditional PES and commercial membranes during tests with bacterial suspensions and treated sewage.

Article Abstract

Despite extensive research efforts focusing on tackling membrane biofouling, one of the biggest problems associated with membrane technology, there has been little headway in this area. This study presents novel polyethersulfone (PES) membranes synthesized via a phase inversion method at incremental loadings of functionalized oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (OMWCNT) along with 1 wt. % arabic gum (AG). The synthesized OMWCNT were examined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy for morphological changes compared to the commercially obtained carbon nanotubes. Additionally energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was carried out on the raw and OMWCNT materials, indicating an almost 2-fold increase in oxygen content in the latter sample. The cast PES/OMWCNT membranes were extensively characterized, and underwent a series of performance testing using bovine serum albumin solution for fouling tests and model Gram-positive () and Gram-negative () bacterial species for anti-biofouling experiments. Results indicated that the composite PES membranes, which incorporated the OMWCNT and AG, possessed significantly stronger hydrophilicity and negative surface charge as evidenced by water contact angle and zeta potential data, respectively, when compared to plain PES membranes. Furthermore atomic force microscopy analysis showed that the PES/OMWCNT membranes exhibited significantly lower surface roughness values. Together, these membrane surface features were held responsible for the anti-adhesive nature of the hybrid membranes seen during biofouling tests. Importantly, the prepared membranes were able to inhibit bacterial colonization upon incubation with both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial suspensions. The PES/OMWCNT membranes also presented more resilient normalized flux values when compared to neat PES and commercial membrane samples during filtration of both bacterial suspensions and real treated sewage effluents. Taken together, the results of this study allude to OMWCNT and AG as promising additives, for incorporation into polymeric membranes to enhance biofouling resistance.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410110PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9020032DOI Listing

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