Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) is a severe pest of onion (Allium cepa L.). Their management relies on frequent applications of foliar insecticides, including spinetoram (Radiant® SC), which has a novel mode of action and is effective at controlling large populations. However, despite being widely used for the past 10 yr, susceptibility to spinetoram has not been evaluated formally in New York state, where nearly 3,000 hectares of onion are planted annually. Over 2 yr (2017-2018), the susceptibility of onion thrips to spinetoram was assessed from populations collected in commercial onion fields in New York. LC50s for adults were generated from feeding assays and ranged from 2.07 to 5.08 ppm, but grower reports indicate that onion thrips populations continue to be susceptible to spinetoram. Moreover, both regional and temporal variations in susceptibility were similar among these populations based on survival at individual concentrations tested, despite significant differences in LC50s. These results suggest some genetic heterogeneity among onion thrips populations and serve as a valuable reference for the continued monitoring of onion thrips susceptibility to spinetoram, contributing to ongoing efforts to manage insecticide resistance in this system.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz032 | DOI Listing |
J Econ Entomol
October 2024
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, is a global pest of onion crops, causing substantial economic damage by diminishing bulb yields and transmitting plant pathogens. Insecticides are used to manage T. tabaci infestations with control decisions traditionally based on action thresholds that require visually counting thrips on a fixed, predetermined number of onion plants per field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeerJ
July 2024
ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune, India.
Background: Onion thrips () is a complex of cryptic species with subtle morphological differences and distinct genetic backgrounds; thus, species identification using traditional methods remains challenging. The existence of different haplotypes and genotypes within a species can significantly influence various aspects of its biology, including host preference, reproductive capacity, resistance to pesticides, and vector competence for plant viruses. Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of cryptic species within will not only aid in the development of more effective control strategies tailored to specific genetic variants but also in monitoring population dynamics, tracking invasive species, and implementing quarantine measures to prevent the spread of economically damaging thrips biotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsects
May 2024
School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Thrips biocontrol research in greenhouse crops has focused primarily on western flower thrips (WFT; ). However, recent outbreaks of onion thrips (OT; ) in Ontario, Canada, demonstrate that biocontrol-based IPM programs for WFT do not control OT sufficiently to prevent crop losses. A lack of comparative studies makes it difficult to determine which program components for WFT are failing for OT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pestic Sci
May 2024
School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University.
Using PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences, we examined the reproductive modes of female adults of collected at 54 sites across Japan. Results showed the presence of heteroplasmic insects harboring mitochondria associated with arrhenotoky and thelytoky. Using the insects, we also applied PCR-RFLP to examine the genotypes for the amino acid mutation (T929I) site involved in pyrethroid resistance.
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