We previously reported on the elevated intravitreal activities of tryptase and chymase in association with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and idiopathic macular hole (MH). In this present study, we investigated the potential intraocular production of these serine proteases, and measured and compared tryptase and chymase activities in the vitreous body and serum in ERM, MH, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) patients. In addition, nuclear staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and mast-cell staining with toluidine blue were performed on samples of the vitreous core and bursa premacularis (BPM) of MH. We also performed immunostaining on the above two regions of vitreous samples for MH with anti-tryptase antibody, anti-chymase antibody, anti-podoplanin antibody, anti-lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1) antibody, and anti-fibroblast antibody. Moreover, we performed immunostaining with anti-tryptase antibody and anti-chymase antibody on ERMs collected intraoperatively. Tryptase activity in the vitreous body was significantly higher in ERM and MH than in PDR. However, no significant differences were observed in the tryptase activity in the serum among these four diseases. Chymase activity in the vitreous body was significantly higher in MH than in the other three diseases, yet chymase activity in the serum was below detection limit in any of the diseases. Nuclear staining with H&E revealed an abundance of nuclei in the BPM region, but few in the surrounding area. Mast-cell staining with toluidine blue revealed that the BPM showed metachromatic staining. In immunostaining with anti-fibroblasts antibody, anti-tryptase antibody, anti-chymase antibody, anti-podoplanin antibody, and anti-LYVE-1 antibody, the BPM stained more strongly than the vitreous core. Tryptase and chymase-positive cells were also observed in ERM. These findings revealed that the presence of mast cells in the BPM potentially represent the source of these serine proteases. Moreover, the BPM, as a lymphatic tissue, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of macular disease.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6386310 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0211438 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Detection of Deaths Caused by Hyperkalemia.
Biomedicines
January 2025
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Under normal conditions, potassium is predominantly found within cells. The concentration gradient of sodium and potassium ions between intracellular and extracellular spaces enables signal transmission through membrane depolarization. The disruption of this transcellular process leads to elevated potassium ion levels in the extracellular space, and thus in the blood, a condition known as hyperkalemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical presentation and outcome of patients with endogenous endophthalmitis.
Int Ophthalmol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Başakşehir Olympic Boulevard Road, 34480, Başakşehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
Purpose: The study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, microbiological findings, and visual outcomes, as well as patient and eye survival, of patients diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis (EE).
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 29 eyes from 21 patients diagnosed with EE.
Results: The mean age of presentation was 56.
Postmortem changes in porcine eyes on computed tomography images.
Leg Med (Tokyo)
January 2025
Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka, Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
Porcine eyes were examined using postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) under controlled postmortem time and temperature conditions to assess the mechanisms and timing of changes in ocular structure. Eight porcine heads were halved, and PMCT scans were conducted from postmortem interval (PMI) days 0 to 13. CT images were obtained to evaluate the vitreous volumes, vitreous CT values, axial lengths of the eyes, lens dislocation, and intraocular gas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding cataract development in axial myopia: The contribution of oxidative stress and related pathways.
Redox Biol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; GlaucoTech Co, Katowice, Poland.
Myopia is an evolving global health challenge, with estimates suggesting that by 2050 it will affect half of the world's population, becoming the leading cause of irreversible vision loss. Moreover, myopia can lead to various complications, including the earlier onset of cataracts. Given the progressive aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy, this will contribute to a rising demand for cataract surgery, posing an additional challenge for healthcare systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPenetrating orbital trauma: Comprehensive review and meta-analysis of bullet injuries.
Surg Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq.
Background: Orbital bullet injuries resulting from high-velocity trauma pose significant clinical challenges due to the potential for severe ocular and systemic complications. This meta-analysis consolidates the existing body of knowledge on direct orbital bullet injuries with respect to clinical outcomes, management strategies, and long-term effects.
Methods: The literature search was conducted by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, using databases such as PubMed and Scopus.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!