[The Regional Features of Development of the System of Children Health Care in the Kabardino-Balkaria in XX Century].

The development of health care of children in the Kabardino-Balkaria in XX century at all its stages is associated with the development of system of protection children health in Russia. To combat children mortality and to protect children health, preventive and social hygienic direction was developed. Under the leadership of local health care authorities, a network of children medical institutions was re-established in Kabarda and pediatricians began to work. However, these institutions did not supply needed medical care of children. The health of the children population during the war (1941-1945) was supported jointly by the health care authorities and other state departments and structures of the Republic. Children health care was characterized by increasing of burden of medical institutions and the holding of emergency activities under leadership of the Children's Sector and the Council for Treatment and Prevention of Children. The most difficult for health care in the Kabardino-Balkaria were the post-war years. Due to lack of funding, only in 1959-1965 children's departments began to be organized in hospitals. The preventive activities among children of early age, especially among adolescents (vaccination, anti-tuberculosis and anti-obesity measures, organization of children sanatoriums) became more active. The dynamics of development of children health in the 1960s - 1980s had a pronounced extensive character with on-going increasing of number of beds and medical personnel. At the same time, the structure of infant mortality and morbidity demonstrated presence of shortcomings in work that blocked improving of indicators of children health. The infant mortality decreased slowly in the last decade of XX century. The foundations of modern children health service were organized. New children health care institutions were put into operation and the bed fund was restructured. However, the deterioration of social economic situation in the country and the region had a negative impact on the state of children health. At the turn of the century, the system of protecting children health in the Kabardino-Balkaria required more active medical and public events of medical, social and organizational nature with the identification of the tasks of highest priority.