Subtotal Parathyroidectomy vs Total Parathyroidectomy with Autotransplantation for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Dialysis Patients: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes.

Background: Two operations are performed for management of secondary hyperparathyroidism, subtotal parathyroidectomy (SPTX) and total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (TPTX-AT). There is no consensus among endocrine surgeons about which operation is the preferred treatment. This study compares the short- and long-term outcomes of SPTX and TPTX-AT for dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Study Design: This is a retrospective review of 46 dialysis patients undergoing PTX from 2006 to 2017 at a 719-bed tertiary care hospital.

Results: Calcium on postoperative day 1 was 7.7 ± 0.8 mg/dL for SPTX and 7.9 ± 1.3 mg/dL for TPTX-AT (p = 0.49). Parathyroid hormone values on postoperative day 1 were 32.6 ± 26.0 pg/mL for SPTX and 9.5 ± 4.2 pg/mL for TPTX-AT (p ≤ 0.05). Hospital length of stay was 3.7 ± 1.9 days for SPTX and 4.4 ± 3.5 days for TPTX-AT (p = 0.46). The required doses of calcium and calcitriol at discharge did not differ significantly. Reoperation for recurrence or persistence of disease was required in 6 SPTX patients and 2 TPTX-AT patients (p = 0.12). Parathyroid hormone values <15 pg/mL at long-term follow-up occurred in 5.6% of SPTX patients and 26.7% of TPTX-AT patients (p = 0.09). Parathyroid hormone values >200 pg/mL at long-term follow-up occurred in 38.9% of SPTX patients vs 6.7% of the TPTX-AT patients (p ≤ 0.05). Calcium supplementation at more than 6 months was required for 36.8% of SPTX and 71.4% of TPTX-AT patients (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The long-term control of parathyroid hormone elevation and avoidance of recurrent disease is improved with TPTX-AT, but carries a higher risk of long-term hypocalcemia.