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Beyond checkpoint inhibitors: the three generations of immunotherapy.
Clin Exp Med
January 2025
LSU-LCMC Cancer Center, LSU School of Medicine, 1700 Tulane Avenue, Room 510, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
Anti-tumor immunotherapy was rediscovered and rejuvenated in the last two decades with the discovery of CTLA-4, PD-1 and PD-L1 and the roles in inhibiting immune function and tumor evasion of anti-tumor immune response. Following the approval of the first checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab against CTLA-4 in melanoma in 2011, there has been a rapid development of tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, additional positive and negative molecules among the T-cell regulatory systems have been identified that that function to fine tune the stimulatory or inhibitory immune cells and modulate their functions (checkpoint modulators).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of photobiomodulation therapy on regenerative potential of non-vital mature permanent teeth in healthy canine dogs.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent
January 2025
Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of photobiomodulation therapy on the regenerative potential of non-vital mature permanent teeth of healthy Canine dogs.
Methods: 54 mature roots, obtained from 27 premolars, in dogs, were selected and divided into three equal groups where Group I received regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) using blood clot as a scaffold (positive control), Group II received similar treatment as Group I, followed by photobiomodulation therapy (study group) and Group III did not receive any intervention (negative control). Each group was further divided into three equal subgroups for the evaluation of the vascular area percentage and fibroblast count at 3 different intervals; 3, 10, and 15 weeks.
Individual management and prognostic assessment for long-term outcomes using a novel classification system of craniopharyngiomas: a retrospective study of single institution.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
Purpose: This study aims to propose a classification system to more accurately understand the features and nature of different CPs, to investigate the correlation between different topographies of CPs and their surgical outcomes.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 91 surgically resected CPs. They were categorized into six types based on their location and origin.
CD47 Knock-Out Using CRISPR-Cas9 RNA Lipid Nanocarriers Results in Reduced Mesenchymal Glioblastoma Growth In Vivo.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
Immune checkpoint (ICP) blockade has shown limited effectiveness in glioblastoma (GBM), particularly in the mesenchymal subtype, where interactions between immune cells and glioblastoma cancer stem cells (GSCs) drive immunosuppression and therapy resistance. Tailoring ICPs specific to GSCs can enhance the antitumor immune response. This study proposes the use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating CRISPR RNAs as an in vivo screening tool for ICPs in a syngeneic model of mesenchymal GSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReconfiguring Terminal Species of Bituminous Coal to Steer Hard Carbon toward High-Capacity and Fast Sodium Storage.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Inner Mongolia University of Technology, School of Renewable Energy, CHINA.
Hard carbons derived from coal precursors have shown bright industrial prospect as the low cost anode materials of sodium-ion batteries. However, it is of extreme necessity yet challenge to regulate carbon microstructure toward superior sodium energy storage. In this study, we propose a powerful chemical reconfiguration tactic to steer hard carbons toward high-capacity and fast sodium storage.
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