J Nutr Educ Behav
William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ.
Published: April 2019
Objective: To evaluate Food, Health, & Choices, two 10-month interventions.
Design: Cluster-randomized, controlled study with 4 groups: curriculum, wellness, curriculum plus wellness, and control.
Setting: Twenty elementary schools (5/group) in New York City.
Participants: Fifth-grade students (n = 1,159). At baseline, 44.6% were at the ≥85th body mass index (BMI) percentile for age and 86% qualified for free or reduced-price lunch.
Intervention: Curriculum was 23 science lessons based on social cognitive and self-determination theories, replacing 2 mandated units. Wellness was classroom food policy and physical activity bouts of Dance Breaks.
Main Outcome Measures: For obesity, age- and sex-specific BMI percentiles were used (anthropometric measures). The researchers also employed 6 energy balance-related behaviors and 8 theory-based determinants of behavior change (by questionnaire).
Analysis: Pairwise adjusted odds in hierarchical logistic regression models were determined for >85th BMI percentile. Behaviors and theory-based determinants were examined in a 2-level hierarchical linear model with a 2 × 2 design for intervention effects and interactions.
Results: Obesity showed no change. For behaviors, there was a negative curriculum intervention change in physical activity (P = .04). The wellness intervention resulted in positive changes for sweetened beverages frequency (P = .05) and size (P = .006); processed packaged snacks size (P = .01); candy frequency (P = .04); baked good frequency (P = .05); and fast food frequency (P = .003), size (P = .01), and combo meals (P = .002). Theory-based determinants demonstrated no change.
Conclusions And Implications: The findings of the lack of a decrease in obesity, behavior changes only for the wellness intervention, and no changes in theory-based determinants warrant further research.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2018.12.001 | DOI Listing |
Pilot Feasibility Stud
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CIDEFES Centro de Investigação em Educação Física, Desporto, Exercício e Saúde, Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal.
Background: Despite the benefits of physical activity (PA), cancer survivors report engagement barriers, and existing interventions often lack comprehensive solutions. Theory-based interventions using evidence-based behavior change techniques (BCTs) have been shown to be effective in promoting PA for breast cancer survivors, although their feasibility and acceptability lack evidence. The PAC-WOMAN trial is a three-arm randomized controlled trial aimed at promoting short- and long-term PA and improving the quality of life of breast cancer survivors.
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Department of Public Health Dentistry, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Background: Literature on the effectiveness of theory-based oral health education on the oral hygiene status of hearing-impaired children is limited.
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Materials And Methods: A cluster randomized clinical trial was conducted among all institutionalized hearing-impaired children and young adults residing in various special care schools in Nellore district.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Al Azhar Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Curvature of a dielectric waveguide always leads to attenuation of the mode power as it propagates through the curved region. In single mode guides, bending loss becomes significant as the radius of curvature reduces and is strongly dependent on the confinement of the guided mode, so that weakly guiding waveguides can tolerate only large radii of curvature. In this paper we verify our new theoretical version on power loss prediction of S-bend optical waveguides by using analytical theory based on integration of absorption coefficient and compare it to the experimental measurement of such waveguide bends.
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Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, California.
Purpose Of Review: Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia have an elevated risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Risks can be minimized through pharmacological and 'lifestyle' behavioral (low fat diet, physical activity) therapies, although therapeutic adherence is sub-optimal. Behavioral interventions to promote familial hypercholesterolemia therapy adherence should be informed by theory-based psychological determinants for maximal efficacy.
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Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the United States (U.S.).
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