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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.02.008 | DOI Listing |
J Card Fail
March 2019
MetroHealth Campus of Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH. Electronic address:
Diagnostics (Basel)
March 2018
Research Centre for Topical Drug Delivery and Toxicology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield SP10 1JX, UK.
The pupillary light reflex (PLR) describes the constriction and subsequent dilation of the pupil in response to light as a result of the antagonistic actions of the iris sphincter and dilator muscles. Since these muscles are innervated by the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems, respectively, different parameters of the PLR can be used as indicators for either sympathetic or parasympathetic modulation. Thus, the PLR provides an important metric of autonomic nervous system function that has been exploited for a wide range of clinical applications.
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