Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiological entity described by Hinchey in late 90's, characterised by variable associations of seizure activity, consciousness impairment ranging from confusion to coma, headaches, visual abnormalities, nausea/vomiting and focal neurological signs. Common causes are accelerated hypertension, eclampsia, preeclampsia, cytotoxic drug use and autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.We report a case of PRES in a 62-year-old female patient due to hypercalcemia secondary to vitamin D toxicity on treatment with calcium supplements and vitamin D for secondary hypoparathyroidism. She had seizures and visual defects on presentation which recovered completely with treatment of hypercalcemia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2017-223415 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Department of General Medicine, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, IND.
Background: The defining characteristic of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a reversible, predominantly vasogenic edema of the white matter, particularly affecting the parenchyma supplied by the posterior circulation. PRES is most commonly associated with hypertension. We present a case series of seven normotensive patients diagnosed with cancer who had posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPract Neurol
December 2024
Neurology Department, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
In surgery for acute type A aortic dissection, controlling bleeding from the posterior wall of the proximal anastomosis is particularly challenging. To address this, we use the "reversed turn-up technique." For the reinforcement of the proximal aortic stump, Teflon felt strips were placed inside and outside the suture line with 4-0 polypropylene continuous transverse mattress sutures, and BioGlue was applied to the false lumen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObes Surg
December 2024
Department of Upper Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery, University Hospitals Sussex (St Richard's Hospital), Chichester, UK.
Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) reversal might be necessary to alleviate refractory surgical or nutritional complications, such as postprandial hypoglycemia, malnutrition, marginal ulceration, malabsorption, chronic diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, chronic pain, or excessive weight loss. The surgical technique of RYGB reversal is not standardized; potential strategies include the following: (1) gastro-gastrostomy: hand-sewn technique, linear stapler, circular stapler; (2) handling of the Roux limb: reconnection or resection (if remaining intestinal length ≥ 4 m).
Case Presentation: We demonstrate the surgical technique of a laparoscopic reversal of RYGB with hand-sewn gastro-gastrostomy and resection of the alimentary limb with the aim of improving the patient's quality of life.
Tomography
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Nemours Children's Health, 1600 Rockland Rd., Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
Evaluating altered mental status and suspected meningeal disorders in children often begins with imaging, typically before a lumbar puncture. The challenge is that meningeal enhancement is a common finding across a range of pathologies, making diagnosis complex. This review proposes a categorization of meningeal diseases based on their predominant imaging characteristics.
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