Intestinal microbiome closely relates with human health and disease, which plays a critical role in the immune response, homeostasis, drug metabolism and tumorigenesis. Imbalances in the composition and function of these intestinal microbes associate with diseases. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an established successful treatment modality for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). The safety profile and potential therapeutic advantages of FMT for diseases associated with dysbiosis and immune dysfunction have led to many publications, mainly case series. The literature on the use of FMT for hematologic diseases is very limited, however, immune thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP), CDI and aGVHD after HSCT were reported to be improved by FMT. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the research current state, procedures and clinical application of FMT.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7534/j.issn.1009-2137.2019.01.051 | DOI Listing |
Annu Rev Med
January 2025
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Chronic pouchitis (CP) occurs in approximately 20% of patients with ulcerative colitis after total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis and is categorized as antibiotic dependent, antibiotic refractory, or Crohn's disease-like. The management of CP is challenging because of limited evidence and few randomized controlled trials. In this review, we discuss the medical management of CP and its supporting data delineated by type of therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Oncol
January 2025
San Roque Hospital, Lanzarote, Spain.
Purpose Of Review: Recent research underscores the significant influence of the skin and gut microbiota on melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development and treatment outcomes. This review aims to synthesize current findings on how microbiota modulates immune responses, particularly enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
Recent Findings: The microbiota's impact on skin cancer is multifaceted, involving immune modulation, inflammation, and metabolic interactions.
Neuro Oncol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO 63110 USA.
Background: The intestinal microbiota regulates normal brain physiology and the pathogenesis of several neurological disorders. While prior studies suggested that this regulation operates through immune cells, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Leveraging two well characterized murine models of low-grade glioma (LGG) occurring in the setting of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) cancer predisposition syndrome, we sought to determine the impact of the gut microbiome on optic glioma progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMouse models are vital tools for discerning the relative contributions of host and microbial genetics to disease, often requiring the transplantation of microbiota between different mouse strains. Transfer methods include antibiotic treatment of recipients and colonization using either co-housing with donors or the transplantation of fecal or cecal donor material. However, the efficiency and dynamics of these methods in reconstituting recipients with donor microbes is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Neonatal mice are frequently used to model diseases that affect human infants. Microbial community composition has been shown to impact disease progression in these models. Despite this, the maturation of the early-life murine microbiome has not been well-characterized.
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