We modified and evaluated the performance of a CuO/Cu electrochemical electrode for chemical oxygen demand (COD) determination by covering it with a Nafion (Nf) film. The resulting modified CuONf/Cu electrode sensor was used for the electrochemical determination of COD in river, slaughterhouse and estuarine water samples in order to evaluate its performance for this particular task. It was compared with the CuO/Cu sensor with no Nafion. The main electrochemical characteristics of interest, resistance, sensitivity, accuracy and reproducibility, were assessed by means of Linear Sweep Voltammetry using glucose as a standard. Results of these essays indicate that the procedure used produced smooth and firmly attached Nf films covering the whole copper surface. This sensor was shown to be resistant to interferences and effective in electro-oxidation of a wide range of organic compounds and therefore very useful for COD determination. Using the newly developed CuONf/Cu electrode an analytical linear range of 50 to 1000 mg·L COD, with a detection limit of 2.11 mg·L (n = 6) COD was achieved. The comparison shows that the CuONf/Cu sensor is more appropriate for COD determination than its counterpart with no Nafion.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030669 | DOI Listing |
PeerJ
January 2025
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
The average annual water availability worldwide is approximately 1,386 trillion cubic hectometers (hm), of which 97.5% is saltwater and only 2.5% is freshwater.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganometallics
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States.
Protolysis of AlMe or AlEt with 2-diisopropylphosphinopyrrole () resulted in alane/bis(phosphine) pincer ligands containing two flanking phosphines and a central Al-Me (), Al-Et () unit. Reactions of with [(COD)MI] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene; M = Rh or Ir) in the presence of pyridine produced pincer complexes ( and ) with M supported by the PAlP tridentate ligand, and pyridine, methyl, and iodide as monodentate ligands for Al or M. The analogous reaction of with [(COD)MI] and pyridine resulted in the formation of the analogous compounds and with hydride in place of methyl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiver Int
February 2025
Roger Williams Institute of Liver Studies, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK.
Background: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) encompasses a spectrum of histological conditions ranging from simple steatosis to fibrosing steatohepatitis, and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While oxidised apolipoproteins A and B have been linked to obesity and CVD, the association between other oxidised apolipoproteins and MASLD is yet to be established. To fill this gap, we characterised the circulating serum peptidome of patients with MASLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Cell Fact
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
Background: The composition of anaerobically digested sludge is inherently complex, enriched with structurally complex organic compounds and nitrogenous constituents, which are refractory to biodegradation. These characteristics limit the subsequent rational utilization of resources from anaerobically digested sludge. White-rot fungi (WRF) have garnered significant research interest due to their exceptional capacity to degrade complex and recalcitrant organic pollutants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
United States Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, Madison, WI, United States.
Aircraft anti-icers and pavement deicers improve the safety of airport operations during winter precipitation events. Runoff containing these products can contribute elevated biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) to receiving streams. We monitored runoff from Milwaukee Mitchell International Airport at one upstream site, three outfall sites, and one downstream site from 2005 to 2022 for BOD, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and freezing point depressants used in deicing and anti-icing fluids to determine the primary sources of BOD and COD in the receiving stream.
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