Synthesis of new Ln(AlOF)O (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd) phases with a cuspidine-related structure.

The first fluorination of the cuspidine-related phases of Ln(AlO□)O (where Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd) is reported. A low-temperature reaction with poly(vinyl-idene difluoride) lead to the fluorine being substituted in place of oxygen and inserted into the vacant position between the dialuminate groups. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows the presence of the F 1 photoelectron together with an increase in Al 2 and rare-earth 4 binding energies supporting F incorporation. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses are consistent with the formula Ln(AlOF)O, confirming that substitution of one oxygen by two fluoride atoms has been achieved. Rietveld refinements show an expansion in the cell upon fluorination and confirm that the incorporation of fluoride in the Ln(AlO□)O structure results in changes in Al coordination from four to five. Thus, the isolated tetrahedral dialuminate AlO groups are converted to chains of distorted square-based pyramids. These structural results are also discussed based on Raman spectra.