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Imprinted MicroRNA Gene Clusters in the Evolution, Development, and Functions of Mammalian Placenta. | LitMetric

Imprinted MicroRNA Gene Clusters in the Evolution, Development, and Functions of Mammalian Placenta.

Front Genet

Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

Published: January 2019

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

In mammals, the expression of a subset of microRNA (miRNA) genes is governed by genomic imprinting, an epigenetic mechanism that confers monoallelic expression in a parent-of-origin manner. Three evolutionarily distinct genomic intervals contain the vast majority of imprinted miRNA genes: the rodent-specific, paternally expressed C2MC located in intron 10 of the gene, the primate-specific, paternally expressed C19MC positioned at human Chr.19q13.4 and the eutherian-specific, maternally expressed miRNAs embedded within the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 domains at human 14q32 (also named C14MC in humans). Interestingly, these imprinted miRNA genes form large clusters composed of many related gene copies that are co-expressed with a marked, or even exclusive, localization in the placenta. Here, we summarize our knowledge on the evolutionary, molecular, and physiological relevance of these epigenetically-regulated, recently-evolved miRNAs, by focusing on their roles in placentation and possibly also in pregnancy diseases (e.g., preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth).

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6346411PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2018.00706DOI Listing

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