Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 1034
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3152
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death, worldwide. Recently, due to the introduction of novel imaging and therapeutic techniques, five-year survival of patients has increased. However, distant metastasis is still expected in half of the patients. Colorectal cancer tends to target the abdominal cavity, liver, lungs, and bones as the common sites of metastasis. Nevertheless, rare cases of muscle metastasis have been reported. This report presents a 23-year-old male, who despite chemotherapy, demonstrated gradual progressive disease and metastases to the submandibular region, lungs, adrenal gland as well as muscles and subcutaneous tissues. He had developed multiple asymptomatic muscular metastases metachronously over two-year time period discovered on an FDG-PET/CT, namely in the deltoid, external oblique abdominis, rectus abdominis, and quadriceps muscles, as well as one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue. The presence of distant, especially extrahepatic metastasis, adversely affects the prognosis of colon carcinoma. Since limited cases of muscle metastasis have been reported in carcinoma of colon, the underlying pathophysiology, optimum treatment, and prognostic issues are yet to be substantiated.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6352049 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/AOJNMB.2018.11934 | DOI Listing |
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