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Vitamin A signaling and homeostasis in obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. | LitMetric

Vitamin A signaling and homeostasis in obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders.

Pharmacol Ther

Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032. Electronic address:

Published: May 2019

AI Article Synopsis

  • Recent literature suggests that vitamin A plays a significant role in preventing and causing metabolic diseases, particularly obesity and related conditions like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
  • * Retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A, and specific proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism, like RBP4 and ALDH1A1, have been linked to these diseases in various studies.
  • * The review will analyze both human and rodent studies to explore how vitamin A and its metabolic proteins influence fat cells, fat tissue, and early liver disease, especially non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.*

Article Abstract

Much evidence has accumulated in the literature over the last fifteen years that indicates vitamin A has a role in metabolic disease prevention and causation. This literature proposes that vitamin A can affect obesity development and the development of obesity-related diseases including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease. Retinoic acid, the transcriptionally active form of vitamin A, accounts for many of the reported associations. However, a number of proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism, including retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1, alternatively known as retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 or RALDH1), have also been identified as being associated with metabolic disease. Some of the reported effects of these vitamin A-related proteins are proposed to be independent of their roles in assuring normal retinoic acid homeostasis. This review will consider both human observational data as well as published data from molecular studies undertaken in rodent models and in cells in culture. The primary focus of the review will be on the effects that vitamin A per se and proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism have on adipocytes, adipose tissue biology, and adipose-related disease, as well as on early stage liver disease, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6520171PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.01.006DOI Listing

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