We have explored a method to convert a muraymycin biosynthetic intermediate 3 to an anticancer drug lead 2 for in vivo and thorough preclinical studies. Cu(OAc) forms a stable complex with the amide 4 and prevents electrophilic reactions at the 2-((3-aminopropyl)amino)acetamide moiety. Under the present conditions, the desired 5″-primary amine was selectively protected with (Boc)O to yield 6. The intermediate 6 was converted to 2 in two steps with 90% yield.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03716 | DOI Listing |
Commun Chem
July 2022
Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Caprazamycin is a nucleoside antibiotic that inhibits phospho-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide translocase (MraY). The biosynthesis of nucleoside antibiotics has been studied but is still far from completion. The present study characterized enzymes Cpz10, Cpz15, Cpz27, Mur17, Mur23 out of caprazamycin/muraymycin biosynthetic gene cluster, particularly the nonheme αKG-dependent enzyme Cpz10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
January 2023
Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Overcoming increasing antibiotic resistance requires the development of novel antibacterial agents that address new targets in bacterial cells. Naturally occurring nucleoside antibiotics (such as muraymycins) inhibit the bacterial membrane protein MraY, a clinically unexploited essential enzyme in peptidoglycan (cell wall) biosynthesis. Even though a range of synthetic muraymycin analogues has already been reported, they generally suffer from limited cellular uptake and a lack of activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
November 2021
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States.
Muraymycins are peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics that contain two C-modified amino acids, (2,3)-capreomycidine and (2,3)-β-OH-Leu. The former is also a component of chymostatins, which are aldehyde-containing peptidic protease inhibitors that─like muraymycin─are derived from nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). Using feeding experiments and in vitro characterization of 12 recombinant proteins, the biosynthetic mechanism for both nonproteinogenic amino acids is now defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemMedChem
August 2020
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
The present status of antibiotic research requires the urgent invention of novel agents that act on multidrug-resistant bacteria. The World Health Organization has classified antibiotic-resistant bacteria into critical, high and medium priority according to the urgency of need for new antibiotics. Naturally occurring uridine-derived "nucleoside antibiotics" have shown promising activity against numerous priority resistant organisms by inhibiting the transmembrane protein MraY (translocase I), which is yet to be explored in a clinical context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antibiot (Tokyo)
December 2019
Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
This article reviews the structures and biological activities of several classes of uridine-containing nucleoside antibiotics (tunicamycins, mureidomycins/pacidamycins/sansanmycins, liposidomycins/caprazamycins, muraymycins, capuramycins) that target translocase MraY on the peptidoglycan biosynthetic pathway. In particular, recent advances in structure-function studies, and recent X-ray crystal structures of translocase MraY complexed with muraymycin D2 and tunicamycin are described. The inhibition of other phospho-nucleotide transferase enzymes related to MraY by nucleoside antibiotics and analogues is also reviewed.
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