AI Article Synopsis
- Crohn's disease (CD) is linked to bacteria, particularly adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC), but the mechanisms for AIEC's colonization in the gut remain unclear.
- AIEC shows significant genetic diversity, with strains adapting independently in different gut environments; this study tracked the evolution of AIEC in mice over various host transmissions.
- Two evolved AIEC lineages were identified: one was hypermotile, enhancing invasion into the gut, and the other used acetate more effectively, distinguishing AIEC from healthy gut E. coli in patients with CD.
Article Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease influenced by bacteria. Adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) is associated with CD, yet the adaptations facilitating AIEC gut colonization are unknown. AIEC isolates exhibit high genetic diversity, suggesting strains evolve independently across different gut environments. We tracked the adaptive evolution of AIEC in a murine model of chronic colonization across multiple hosts and transmission events. We detected evolved lineages that outcompeted the ancestral strain in the host through independent mechanisms. One lineage was hypermotile because of a mobile insertion sequence upstream of the master flagellar regulator, flhDC, which enhanced AIEC invasion and establishment of a mucosal niche. Another lineage outcompeted the ancestral strain through improved use of acetate, a short-chain fatty acid in the gut. The presence of hypermotile and acetate-consuming lineages discriminated E. coli isolated from CD patients from healthy controls, suggesting an evolutionary trajectory that distinguishes AIEC from commensal E. coli.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2018.12.010 | DOI Listing |
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