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Artificial intelligence and machine learning in disorders of consciousness.
Curr Opin Neurol
December 2024
CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
Purpose Of Review: As artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies continue to develop, they are being increasingly used to improve the scientific understanding and clinical care of patients with severe disorders of consciousness following acquired brain damage. We here review recent studies that utilized these techniques to reduce the diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty in disorders of consciousness, and to better characterize patients' response to novel therapeutic interventions.
Recent Findings: Most papers have focused on differentiating between unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and minimally conscious state, utilizing artificial intelligence to better analyze functional neuroimaging and electroencephalography data.
Brain state identification and neuromodulation to promote recovery of consciousness.
Brain Commun
October 2024
GIGA-Consciousness, Coma Science Group, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
Experimental and clinical studies of consciousness identify brain states (i.e. quasi-stable functional cerebral organization) in a non-systematic manner and largely independent of the research into brain state modulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpeech recovery after single-dose zolpidem in two minimally conscious patients with severe traumatic brain injuries: a case report.
Brain Inj
April 2024
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute, Edison, New Jersey, USA.
Background: In rare cases, zolpidem administration has been found to paradoxically improve cognition in patients with brain injury in disorders of consciousness.
Case Presentation: Two minimally conscious plus (MCS+) patients at baseline, a 24-year-old woman 8 weeks post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) and 23-year-old man 6 weeks post-TBI, demonstrated behavioral improvements after off-label, single-dose administration of 10 mg of zolpidem.
Discussion/conclusion: The patients demonstrated improved cognition on Coma Recovery Scale-Revised assessment after ingesting zolpidem.
EEG dynamics induced by zolpidem forecast consciousness evolution in prolonged disorders of consciousness.
Clin Neurophysiol
September 2023
Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. Electronic address:
Objective: To explore whether the EEG dynamics induced by zolpidem can predict consciousness evolution in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDOC).
Methods: We conducted a prospective explorative analysis on thirty-six patients with PDOC and eleven healthy controls. The EEG power spectrum was analyzed and categorized into 'ABCD' patterns at baseline and one hour after zolpidem administration at 10 mg.
Optimising recovery of consciousness after coma. From bench to bedside and vice versa.
Presse Med
June 2023
Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, Trajectoires, F-69500 Bron, France.
Background: Several methods have been proposed to foster recovery of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC).
Objective: Critically assess pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for patients with chronic DoC.
Methods: A narrative mini-review, and critical analysis of the scientific literature on the various proposed therapeutic approaches, with particular attention to level of evidence, risk-benefit ratio, and feasibility.
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