Unlabelled: Intergroup conflict contributes to human discrimination and violence, but persists because individuals make costly contributions to their group's fighting capacity. Yet, how group members effectively coordinate their contributions during intergroup conflict remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the role of oxytocin for (the coordination of) contributions to group attack or defense in multi-round, real-time feedback intergroup contests. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study with = 480 males in Intergroup Attacker-Defender Contests, we found that oxytocin reduced contributions to attack and over time increased attacker's within-group coordination of contributions. However, rather than becoming peaceful, attackers given oxytocin better tracked their rival's historical defense and coordinated their contributions into well-timed and hence more profitable attacks. Our results reveal coordination of contributions as a critical component of successful attacks and subscribe to the possibility that oxytocin enables individuals to contribute to in-group efficiency and prosperity even when doing so implies outsiders are excluded or harmed.
Editorial Note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.40698 | DOI Listing |
Am J Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background: To achieve successful anatomic rotator cuff repair with minimal tension, both the tear pattern and tear size should be considered. However, little information is available concerning the frequency of tear patterns and their effects on tendon healing.
Purpose: To evaluate the distribution of tear patterns in full-thickness rotator cuff tears and whether these patterns affect tendon healing after arthroscopic repair.
Contemp Clin Dent
December 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, K.M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Background: Preventive dental procedures are cornerstones of caries management.
Introduction: This research aims to analyze the clinical effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants when applied to etched enamel pretreated with solvents compared to the conventional etch and seal technique.
Subjects And Methods: Children and adolescents with clinically healthy occlusal surfaces or noncavitated occlusal carious lesions on permanent first and/or second molars in all four quadrants were randomly allocated into four groups.
Eur Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Objectives: To assess glymphatic function and white matter integrity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using multi-parametric MRI, combined with machine learning to evaluate ASD detection performance.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective study collected data from 110 children with ASD (80 exploratory, 43 validation) and 68 typically developing children (50 exploratory, 18 validation) from two centers. The automated diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (aDTI-ALPS), fractional anisotropy (FA), cerebrospinal fluid volume, and perivascular space (PVS) volume indices were extracted from DTI, three-dimensional T1-weighted, and T2-weighted images.
J Ethnopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Ilmul Saidla (Pharmacy), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayush, GOI, Bengaluru, India. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacology Relevance: Incorporating ancient wisdom from Unani Medicine, this study delves into the therapeutic efficacy of Juniperus communis L. in primary dysmenorrhea. By seamlessly merging traditional knowledge with modern scientific evaluation, this research illuminates Juniperus communis L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
January 2025
Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Objective: This study aims to explore the differences in ocular parameters among adult myopic patients with different degrees of myopia and axial lengths, and to investigate the correlations between these ocular parameters.
Methods: This single-center observational study collected clinical data from myopic patients aged 18-45 years who visited the Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January and June 2023. The data included laterality, diopter of spherical power (DS), diopter of cylindrical power (DC), spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), flat meridian keratometry (K1), steep meridian keratometry (K2), mean keratometry (Km), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal radius of curvature (CRC), and axial length/corneal radius of curvature ratio (AL/CRC).
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