A rise in sea level is the most important threat to the coastal aquifers in which the intensity of threat also depends on the local hydrogeological settings. The present study seeks to identify the impacts of sea level rise and tidal effects on the shallow and complex aquifer located south of Chennai, India. The aquifer geometry is isolated dune surfaces due to the presence of enclosing saline surface water. The freshwater is available as an elongated lens, and replenishment occurs by rainfall, with limited regional influx. Numerical simulation was carried out to understand the response of groundwater table to sea level rise until the year 2100. Initially, the tidal effects were investigated for the duration of 3 years. A sinusoidal fluctuation of groundwater table is noticed only in the northern part and the tidal impact seems infinitesimal because of steep hydraulic gradient in the south. Simulation of groundwater table without considering sea level rise predicts a decline in the elevation of groundwater table/freshwater lens by - 0.35 m in the dune surfaces. The simulation with reported sea level rise of 2 mm year with the same rate of groundwater pumping results in a total increase of 0.5 m in groundwater table. The study infers that the tidal effects are high in the shallow groundwater gradient, and sea level rise will be beneficial to the isolated coastal freshwater aquifers by increasing the elevation of groundwater table/freshwater lens and further deepening the interface between seawater and freshwater.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-7157-6 | DOI Listing |
Sci Adv
January 2025
NOAA/National Ocean Service, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Coastal vertical land motion (VLM), including uplift and subsidence, can greatly alter relative sea level projections and flood mitigations plans. Yet, current projection frameworks, such as the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, often underestimate VLM by relying on regional linear estimates. Using high-resolution (90-meter) satellite data from 2015 to 2023, we provide local VLM estimates for California and assess their contribution to sea level rise both now and in future.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ice core measurements reveal dipole-like snow accumulation trends over West Antarctica throughout the 20th century, with an increase of >2000 billion metric tons over the Antarctic Peninsula and Ellsworth Land but a decrease of ~500 billion metric tons over Marie Byrd Land. Although atmospheric teleconnections were frequently revealed, linking variability between tropics and higher latitudes on interannual and decadal timescales, centennial-scale teleconnection is absent from literature. Here, using statistical analysis and numerical experiments, we reveal that changes of tropical oceans throughout the 20th century drive the long-term Antarctic snowfall trend.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
Department of Environmental Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, India.
The rising frequency and severity of landslides in the vulnerable Himalayan region of India threaten human settlements and critical infrastructure. This growing issue demands urgent action and innovative strategies to mitigate risks and bolster the resilience of affected communities and infrastructure in this fragile area. The research explores the use of Alnus nepalensis for slope stabilization, illustrated by a case study near Ukhimath, Uttarakhand, India, and elucidates the potential ecological niche of Alnus in the temperate region of Uttarakhand using well-dispersed species occurrence records along with environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn N Y Acad Sci
January 2025
Environmental Physics Laboratory (EPhysLab), Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain.
This study uses a combination of the FLEXPART Lagrangian dispersion model with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale Eulerian model (FLEXPART-WRF) to analyze the expected mid- to late-century changes in the moisture sources and sinks of the North American East Coast (ENA) and the Gulf of Mexico (GM), as well as their most relevant abrupt moisture transport events-atmospheric rivers (ARs) and low-level jets of the Great Plains (GPLLJ) and the Caribbean (CLLJ). Both the ENA and GM are expected to increase in importance as moisture source regions over the century, both overall and in their contributions to the ARs and both LLJs. A notable increase in the intensity of the GPLLJ and CLLJ moisture sources is also observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytochem Anal
January 2025
Institute of Biology, Federal Research Centre Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia.
Introduction: Vitex L. is a large genus of tropical and subtropical trees used in medicine of many nations. Some species are used in gynecology due to flavonoids, iridoids, and diterpenes.
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