Lifestyle changes that include adopting a healthy diet, such as the paleo diet, can help prevent prediabetes and T2DM. This article explores the potential benefits of replacing low-calorie diets with the paleo diet. As primary care providers, NPs are positioned to help inform patients, particularly those with prediabetes and T2DM, about healthy lifestyle choices and provide them with resources to achieve weight loss success.
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High-resolution isotope dietary analysis of Mesolithic and Neolithic humans from Franchthi Cave, Greece.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada.
Franchthi Cave, in the Greek Peloponnese, is a well-known Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic site, with several human burials. In many parts of Europe there is clear evidence from archaeological and isotopic studies for a diet change between the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods. This is especially the case in coastal contexts where there is often a shift from predominantly marine food diets in the Mesolithic to terrestrial (presumably domesticated) foods in the Neolithic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, primarily due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Factors contributing to this neuronal degeneration include mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuronal excitotoxicity. Despite extensive research, the exact etiology of PD remains unclear, with both genetic and environmental factors playing significant roles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity and Weight Loss Diets in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: What Physicians Should Know.
J Gastrointestin Liver Dis
December 2024
Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, S. Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell'Amba Aradam 8, Rome, Italy.
Nutritional approach has been intensely investigated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, but, despite many sparse reports, at present, there is not a universally accepted specific diet. In fact, nutritional requirements and, therefore, the ideal diet, may vary according to disease type, extension and activity. Among nutritional related issue in IBD, obesity has become a relevant one.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReverse-engineering the Venus figurines: An eco-life-course hypothesis for the aetiology of obesity in the Palaeolithic.
Evol Med Public Health
November 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Evolutionary perspectives on obesity have been dominated by genetic frameworks, but plastic responses are also central to its aetiology. While often considered a relatively modern phenomenon, obesity was recorded during the Palaeolithic through small statuettes of the female form (Venus figurines). Even if the phenotype was rare, these statuettes indicate that some women achieved large body sizes during the last glacial maximum, a period of nutritional stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of a Modern Palaeolithic Diet in Combination with a Sprint Interval Training on Metabolic and Performance-Related Parameters in Male Athletes: A Pilot Trial.
Nutr Metab Insights
December 2024
Centre for Sports Science and University Sports, Department for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Background: Although a palaeolithic diet promotes healthier food choices that aid in weight management and reduce cardiovascular risks, its effectiveness in endurance sports is still debated due to its typically low carbohydrate content.
Objective: This study examined the impact of a 6-week palaeolithic diet (PD-G) versus a mixed diet (MD-G), both paired with Sprint interval training (SIT), on various metabolic and performance-related parameters.
Methods: Body composition, time trial (TT) performance (covered distance during a 60-minute run on a 400-metre track) and changes in metabolic (respiratory exchange ratio [RER], substrate oxidation rates) and performance-related (time at ventilatory threshold [VT] and respiratory compensation point [RCP], maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O) and time to exhaustion [TTE]) parameters during a ramp incremental running test were assessed in 14 male endurance athletes.
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