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Hepatitis B infection (HBsAg and HBeAg) status among women attending antenatal care at public healthcare facilities of South Africa, 2017.
PLOS Glob Public Health
January 2025
Centre for Vaccines and Immunology, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Eight years after WHO adopted a resolution to eliminate hepatitis B by the year 2030, the disease remains a global public health concern, with vertical transmission of HBV being a major obstacle to this goal. Our study aimed to determine the HBV infection status of pregnant women in South Africa at a national level to evaluate the risk of vertical transmission and provide evidence for public health decision-making. We conducted HBsAg testing on 1,942 HIV-uninfected and 2,312 HIV-infected pregnant women from South Africa's public health sector in 2017, followed by HBeAg testing on HBsAg-positive samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsefulness of serum HBV RNA levels for predicting antiviral response to entecavir treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA is an important serum biomarker of hepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) transcriptional activity; however, its clinical characteristics remain unclear. This study evaluated the clinical utility of HBV RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
Methods: We studied 87 CHB patients with serum HBV DNA levels ≥ 5.
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5CD8 T cells as immune regulators in hepatitis Be antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B under interferon-alpha treatment.
World J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Institute of Hepatology and Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China.
Background: C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5)CD8 T cells represent a unique immune subset with dual roles, functioning as cytotoxic cells in persistent viral infections while promoting B cell responses. Despite their importance, the specific role of CXCR5CD8 T cells in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), particularly during interferon-alpha (IFN-α) treatment, is not fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between CXCR5CD8 T cells and sustained serologic response (SR) in patients undergoing 48 weeks of pegylated IFN-α (peg-IFN-α) treatment for CHB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann Med
December 2025
Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Numerous meta-analyses have identified various risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prompting a comprehensive study to synthesize evidence quality and strength.
Methods: This umbrella review of meta-analyses was conducted throughout PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Evidence strength was evaluated according to the evidence categories criteria.
Droplet digital PCR technique is ultrasensitive for the quantification of covalently closed circular DNA in the blood of chronic HBV-infected patients.
Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India. Electronic address:
Background: Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is a stable, episomal form of HBV DNA. cccDNA is a true marker for the intrahepatic events in controlled CHB infection. Quantifying cccDNA is critical for monitoring disease progression, and efficacy of anti-viral therapies.
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