Young adolescent sleep is associated with parental monitoring.

Objectives: Insufficient sleep can increase risk for adverse psychological and physical outcomes. Parental monitoring of daily activities is associated with youth health behaviors. We examined parental monitoring of waking and bedtime behaviors and sleep in a community sample of high-risk youth.

Methods: One-hundred sixty-five 10- to 14-year-olds from low-socioeconomic status families participated (11.8 years ±1.16, 52% female; 78% Black/African American). Parents and youth evaluated parental monitoring of waking activities. Parent expectations about bedtime and parent knowledge about adolescent's bedtime and sleep routine were independently rated. Youth sleep was assessed via parent report and actigraphy over 7 days.

Results: More parental knowledge about bedtime was associated with longer parent-reported sleep duration (β = .18, P < .05). Parental monitoring of waking activities (youth reported) was associated with more actigraph-assessed sleep over 7 days (B = 2.73, SE = .91), weekdays (B = 2.44, SE = .01), and weekends (B = 3.88, SE = .1.41, all Ps < .05), whereas parent reported monitoring was associated with more sleep on weekdays only (B = 2.10, SE = .87, P < .05). Parental knowledge and expectations about bedtime behaviors were not associated with actigraph-assessed sleep (P values > .05). Parental monitoring of waking and bedtime behaviors was not associated with sleep duration variability (P values > .05).

Conclusions: Parental monitoring of waking activities may indirectly influence adolescent sleep via increased structure and felt security in the parent-adolescent relationship. Youth perception of monitoring may be particularly relevant for youth sleep duration.