Many theoretical studies of bacterial locomotion adopt a simple model for the organism consisting of a spheroidal cell body and a single corkscrew-shaped flagellum that rotates to propel the body forward. Motivated by experimental observations of a group of magnetotactic bacterial strains, we extended the model by considering two flagella attached to the cell body and rotating about their respective axes. Using numerical simulations, we analyzed the motion of such a microswimmer in bulk fluid and close to a solid surface. We show that positioning the two flagella far apart on the cell body reduces the rate of rotation of the body and increases the swimming speed. Near surfaces, we found that swimmers with two flagella can swim in relatively straight trajectories or circular orbits in either direction. It is also possible for the swimmer to escape from surfaces, unlike a model swimmer of similar shape but with only a single flagellum. Thus, we conclude that there are important implications of swimming with two flagella or flagellar bundles rather than one. These considerations are relevant not only for understanding differences in bacterial morphology but also for designing microrobotic swimmers.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6356978 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10010065 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Brainstem BDNF neurons are downstream of GFRAL/GLP1R signalling.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Growth differentiation factor 15, GDF15, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues act through brainstem neurons that co-localise their receptors, GDNF-family receptor α-like (GFRAL) and GLP1R, to reduce food intake and body weight. However, their use as clinical treatments is partially hampered since both can also induce sickness-like behaviours, including aversion, that are mediated through a well-characterised pathway via the exterolateral parabrachial nucleus. Here, in mice, we describe a separate pathway downstream of GFRAL/GLP1R neurons that involves a distinct population of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) cells in the medial nucleus of the tractus solitarius.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdiposity and risks of gastrointestinal cancers: A 10-year prospective study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.
Int J Cancer
December 2024
Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Associations of adiposity with risks of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and non-cardia stomach cancer, both prevalent in China, are still inconclusive. While adiposity is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer, the relevance of fat-free mass and early-adulthood adiposity remains to be explored. The prospective China Kadoorie Biobank study included 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuccessful Management of Severe and Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) in a Sickle Cell Disease Patient With Bortezomib.
Cureus
November 2024
Hematology and Medical Oncology, Al-Zahraa Medical College, Basrah, IRQ.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a multifactorial disease that causes immune-mediated red blood cell destruction, resulting in anemia and hemolysis symptoms. Despite a significant understanding of its pathogenesis, the precise causes of AIHA remain largely unclear and are thought to be multifactorial. In this paper, we presented a case of sickle cell anemia who developed severe AIHA that failed to maintain response to multiple treatment lines, including steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab, and immune suppressive medications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem cell graft dose and composition could impact on the expansion of donor-derived clones after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - a virtual clinical trial.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Aachen Medical School, Institute for Computational Biomedicine & Disease Modeling, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Introduction: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a potentially curative intervention for a broad range of diseases. However, there is evidence that malignant or pre-malignant clones contained in the transplant can expand in the recipient and trigger donor-derived malignancies. This observation has gained much attention in the context of clonal hematopoiesis, a medical condition where significant amounts of healthy blood cells are derived from a small number of hematopoietic stem cell clones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of leaf extract and its active components on heart muscle cell apoptosis induced by hyperglycemia.
Open Vet J
November 2024
Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Background: Hyperglycemia is a condition in which blood sugar levels increase excessively due to a variety of factors, one of which is the body's inability to regulate insulin properly. Diabetes closely relates to this condition, which significantly contributes to premature death and disability. Long-term diabetes treatment accompanied by a strict diet provides real results in controlling blood glucose levels but can cause side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!