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Diffusion tensor imaging for detecting biomarkers of idiopathic epilepsy in dogs.
Front Vet Sci
January 2025
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is the most common neurological disease in dogs. Approximately 1/3 of dogs with IE are resistant to anti-seizure medications (ASMs). Because the diagnosis of IE is largely based on the exclusion of other diseases, it would be beneficial to indicate an IE biomarker to better understand, diagnose, and treat this disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBRAF inhibitor monotherapy in BRAFV600E-mutated pediatric low-grade glioma: a single center's experience.
Front Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Background: Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) have an overall survival of over 90%; however, patients harboring a BRAF alteration may have worse outcomes, particularly when treated with classic chemotherapy. Combined BRAF/MEK inhibition following incomplete resection demonstrated improved outcome in BRAF altered pLGG compared to combined carboplatin/vincristine chemotherapy and is now considered the standard FDA-approved treatment for this group of tumors. The aim herein was to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of single agent BRAF inhibitor treatment in BRAF altered pLGG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of intranasal oxytocin on neural reward processing in children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder: A randomized controlled trial.
Front Child Adolesc Psychiatry
January 2023
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan.
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is associated with socially and emotionally withdrawn/inhibited behaviors and reduced neural responses to rewards. Children and adolescents with RAD show aberrant attachment behaviors, and existing psychotherapies are difficult to maintain; therefore, pharmacological interventions to aid and boost treatment responses are needed. Oxytocin (OT) administration is known to promote reward functioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombined T1-weighted MRI and diffusion MRI tractography of paraventricular, locus coeruleus, and dorsal vagal complex connectivity in brainstem-hypothalamic nuclei.
J Biol Methods
November 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.
Background: Current multimodal neuroimaging plays a critical role in studying clinical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, major depression, and other disorders related to chronic stress. These conditions involve the brainstem-hypothalamic network, specifically the locus coeruleus (LC), dorsal vagal complex (DVC), and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, collectively referred to as the "DVC-LC-PVN circuitry." This circuitry is strongly associated with the norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) neurotransmitter systems, which are implicated in the regulation of key autonomic functions, such as cardiovascular and respiratory control, stress response, and cognitive and emotional behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain temperature mapping based on chemical exchange saturation transfer signal at 2 ppm.
Quant Imaging Med Surg
January 2025
Paul. C. Lauterbur Research Centers for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Background: Brain temperature signifies the thermal homeostasis of the tissue, and may serve as a marker for neuroprotective therapy. Currently, it remains challenging to map the human brain temperature with high spatial resolution. The thermal dependence of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) effects of endogenous labile protons may provide a promising mechanism for the absolute brain temperature imaging.
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