Zonal cultivars of field crops as a reserve for the phytoremediation of fluorides polluted soils.

To solve the problems of improving arable soils contaminated with fluorides of aluminum smelter, it is necessary to select plants that combine the ability to bioaccumulate pollutants without compromising the viability. It makes sense to carry out the search among field crops cultivated in the region, as they are most adapted to specific soil and climatic conditions. Indicators of productivity and bioaccumulation factors (Bf) were studied in Galega orientalis Lam., Melilótus officinális Lam., Heliánthus tuberósus L., Zéa máys L., Avena sativa L., Medicago sativa L., and Raphanus sativus var. oleifera Metzg which are zonal for agriculture of Baikal Siberia. In the field experiments on the gray forest soils uncontaminated and contaminated by aluminum technogenic exhaust, it was shown that zonal cultivars of M. officinális Lam. and R. sativus var. oleifera Metzg have the greatest potential for phytoextraction of fluorides from contaminated soils (Bf >1).