Background: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) play a critical role in neonatal health. We hypothesized that LCPUFAs play an essential role in priming postnatal gut development. We studied the effect of LCPUFAs on postnatal gut development using fat-1 transgenic mice, which are capable of converting n-6 to n-3 LCPUFAs, and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice.
Methods: Distal ileum sections were collected from fat-1 and WT mice on days 3, 14, and 28. Fatty acid analyses, histology, RT-qPCR and intestinal permeability were performed.
Results: Fat-1 mice, relative to WT mice, showed increased n-3 LCPUFAs levels (α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid, p < 0.05) and decreased arachidonic acid levels (p < 0.05) in the ileum. Preweaning fat-1 mice, compared to WT, showed >50% reduced muc2, Tff3, TLR9, and Camp expression (p < 0.05), markers of the innate immune response. There was a >two-fold increased expression of Fzd5 and EphB2, markers of cell differentiation (p < 0.05), and Fabp2 and 6, regulators of fatty acid transport and metabolism (p < 0.05). Despite reduced expression of tight junction genes, intestinal permeability in fat-1 was comparable to WT mice.
Conclusions: Our data support the hypothesis that fatty acid profiles early in development modulate intestinal gene expression in formative domains, such as cell differentiation, tight junctions, other innate host defenses, and lipid metabolism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41390-019-0284-0 | DOI Listing |
Glob Chang Biol
January 2025
Department of Surface Waters-Research and Management, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.
The primary production of fjords across the Arctic and Subarctic is undergoing significant transformations due to the climatically driven retreat of glaciers and ice sheets. However, the implications of these changes for upper trophic levels remain largely unknown. In this study, we employ both bulk and compound-specific stable isotope analyses to investigate how shifts at the base of fjord food webs impact the carbon and energy sources of consumers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: As the principal lipid transporter in the human brain, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is tasked with the transport and protection of highly vulnerable lipids required to support and remodel neuronal membranes, in a process that is dependent on ApoE receptors. Human allele variants that encode proteins differing only in the number of cysteine (Cys)-to-arginine (Arg) exchanges (ApoE2 [2 Cys], ApoE3 [1 Cys], ApoE4 [0 Cys]) comprise the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the molecular feature(s) and resultant mechanisms that underlie these isoform-dependent effects are unknown. One signature feature of Cys is the capacity to form disulfide (Cys-Cys) bridges, which are required to form disulfide bridge-linked dimers and multimers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Nutr
January 2025
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
Improving mammary gland epithelial cells proliferation through nutrition is an important approach for enhancing sow milk production and piglet growth. An intermediate metabolite of valine, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB), regulates cellular lipid metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 3-HIB on porcine mammary gland epithelial cells proliferation and lipid metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Sci J
January 2025
Japan Grassland Agriculture and Forage Seed Association, Tokyo, Japan.
This study evaluated carcass weight and physicochemical properties of loin and leg meat parts of Saanen castrated goats (n = 4) reared by grazing for 5 months in an abandoned rice field with concentrate supplements, comparing with meat of goats (n = 4) reared by confined feeding with grass silage and concentrate. Carcass and meat part weights of goats in the grazing group were lower (p < 0.01) than confined group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Nutr
January 2025
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Different fatty acids may vary in their effect on blood pressure. We tested whether fatty acid classes measured in erythrocytes are associated with blood pressure.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 421 children from Guangzhou, China.
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