Introducing the concept of spiral microbeam radiation therapy (spiralMRT).

Motivation: With interlaced microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) a first kilovoltage radiotherapy (RT) concept combining spatially fractionated entrance beams and homogeneous dose distribution at the target exists. However, this technique suffers from its high sensitivity to positioning errors of the target relative to the radiation source. With spiral microbeam radiation therapy (spiralMRT), this publication introduces a new irradiation geometry, offering similar spatial fractionation properties as interlaced MRT, while being less vulnerable to target positioning uncertainties.

Methods: The dose distributions achievable with spiralMRT in a simplified human head geometry were calculated with Monte Carlo simulations based on Geant4 and the dependence of the result on the microbeam pitch, total field size, and photon energy were analysed. A comparison with interlaced MRT and conventional megavoltage tomotherapy was carried out.

Results: SpiralMRT can deliver homogeneous dose distributions, while using spatially fractionated entrance beams. The valley dose of spiralMRT entrance beams is by up to 40% lower than the corresponding tomotherapy dose, thus indicating a better normal tissue sparing. The optimum photon energy is found to be around [Formula: see text].

Conclusions: SpiralMRT is a promising approach to delivering homogeneous dose distributions with spatially fractionated entrance beams, possibly decreasing normal tissue side effects in hypofractionated RT.