Background: Bony stress injuries (BSIs) are common among adolescents involved in high school sports. A better understanding of factors that contribute to adolescent BSI is needed to target preventative measures.
Hypothesis: Individuals who suffer a BSI will demonstrate significant differences in training methods, sleep, diet, and history of injury compared with a healthy, noninjured control group.
Study Design: Descriptive epidemiologic study.
Methods: Data from the National High School Stress Fracture Registry (NHSSFR), an internet-based adolescent BSI survey, were used to identify variables reported with adolescent (13-18 years of age) BSI. These findings were compared with a survey of 100 (50 males, 50 females) healthy athletic controls to identify significant differences between healthy adolescents and those with BSI.
Results: A total of 346 stress fractures were reported in 314 (206 females, 108 males) athletes within the NHSSFR. Comparison with healthy control participants demonstrated multiple significant findings. In particular, body mass index was significantly lower for patients with BSI injury compared with controls ( < 0.001). Patients slept significantly less than the control group (7.2 vs 7.95 hours; = 34.41; < 0.001). Females also slept significantly less hours than males (7.2 vs 7.63 hours; = 11.02; < 0.001). Fifty-eight percent of those who reported a BSI did not engage in any weight training. Those with a BSI had significantly higher average stress ratings than control participants (1.67 vs 1.42; < 0.001), and females also rated their stress levels significantly higher than males (1.8 vs 1.38; < 0.001). A significant difference between patients with any BSI and control participants existed for history of "shin splints" (Pearson χ = 28.31; < 0.001), and females also expressed having shin pain lasting for longer than 4 weeks (Pearson χ = 8.12; < 0.001) and more often (Pearson χ = 5.84; = 0.02) than males. There was also a significant difference between patients with BSI and control subjects regarding dairy intake (2.25 vs 2.69; F = 6.43; P = 0.01).
Conclusion: Findings revealed significant differences between those who reported a BSI relative to healthy athletic adolescents. These differences included body mass index, prior history of shin splints, involvement in weight training, amount of sleep, daily stress, and dairy intake. Preventive measures should be developed to address these areas to reduce the incidence of BSIs in the adolescent population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738118824293 | DOI Listing |
J Neuroeng Rehabil
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Background: Treadmill-based gait training is part of rehabilitation programs focused on walking abilities. The use of handrails embedded in treadmill systems is debated, and current literature only explores the issue from a behavioral perspective.
Methods: We examined the cortical correlates of treadmill walking in healthy participants using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.
Med Biol Eng Comput
January 2025
Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Lower limb biomechanics of chronic ankle instability (CAI) individuals has been widely investigated, but few have evaluated the internal foot mechanics in CAI. This study evaluated bone and soft tissue stress in CAI contrasted with copers and non-injured participants during a cutting task. Integrating scanned 3D foot shapes and free-form deformation, sixty-six personalized finite element foot models were developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGait Posture
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Gait impairments are common in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), presenting in the acute phase and often persisting in subtle ways over time. Despite the prominence of laboratory gait evaluations, a comprehensive understanding of gait deficits post-mTBI necessitates the examination of various gait domains in real-world environments. Assessing gait during a community ambulation task (CAT) may capture real-world challenges and influence focused interventions or rehabilitation in individuals with mTBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Orthop Trauma Surg
January 2025
Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess clinical and radiological outcome in patients after proximal hamstring tendon repair. We hypothesized that there is a significant correlation among subjective clinical outcome and interlimb asymmetries in muscle strength, fatty infiltration, and hamstring volume.
Methods: This retrospective monocentric case series included patients with surgical repair after proximal hamstring tendon rupture.
J Int Soc Sports Nutr
December 2025
Department of Health and Human Performance, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA.
Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) presents this position based on a critical examination of the literature surrounding the effects of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplementation on exercise performance, recovery, and brain health. This position stand is intended to provide a scientific foundation for athletes, dietitians, trainers, and other practitioners regarding the effects of supplemental ω-3 PUFA in healthy and athletic populations. The following conclusions represent the official position of the ISSN: Athletes may be at a higher risk for ω-3 PUFA insufficiency.
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