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Asymmetric tethering by exocyst in vitro requires a Rab GTPase, an R-SNARE and a Sac1-sensitive phosphoinositide lipid.
Mol Biol Cell
March 2024
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Tethering factors play a critical role in deciphering the correct combination of vesicle and target membrane, before SNARE complex formation and membrane fusion. The exocyst plays a central role in tethering post-Golgi vesicles to the plasma membrane, although the mechanism by which this occurs is poorly understood. We recently established an assay for measuring exocyst-mediated vesicle tethering in vitro and we have adapted this assay to examine the ability of exocyst to tether vesicles in an asymmetric manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe exocyst subunit Sec15 is critical for proper synaptic development and function at the Drosophila NMJ.
Mol Cell Neurosci
March 2024
Neuroscience Program, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002, United States of America; Department of Biology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA 01002, United States of America. Electronic address:
The exocyst protein complex is important for targeted vesicle fusion in a variety of cell types, however, its function in neurons is still not entirely known. We found that presynaptic knockdown (KD) of the exocyst component sec15 by transgenic RNAi expression caused a number of unexpected morphological and physiological defects in the synapse. These include the development of active zones (AZ) devoid of essential presynaptic proteins, an increase in the branching of the presynaptic arbor, the appearance of satellite boutons, and a decrease in the amplitude of stimulated postsynaptic currents as well as a decrease in the frequency of spontaneous synaptic vesicle release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe EXO70 inhibitor Endosidin2 alters plasma membrane protein composition in Arabidopsis roots.
Front Plant Sci
May 2023
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
To sustain normal growth and allow rapid responses to environmental cues, plants alter the plasma membrane protein composition under different conditions presumably by regulation of delivery, stability, and internalization. Exocytosis is a conserved cellular process that delivers proteins and lipids to the plasma membrane or extracellular space in eukaryotes. The octameric exocyst complex contributes to exocytosis by tethering secretory vesicles to the correct site for membrane fusion; however, whether the exocyst complex acts universally for all secretory vesicle cargo or just for specialized subsets used during polarized growth and trafficking is currently unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelevance of the Exocyst in Arabidopsis Mutant for Cellular Homeostasis under Stress.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2022
Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
Plants must adapt to cope with adverse environmental conditions that affect their growth and development. To overcome these constraints, they can alter their developmental patterns by modulating cellular processes and activating stress-responsive signals. Alongside the activation of the antioxidant (AOX) system, a high number of genes are expressed, and proteins must be distributed to the correct locations within the cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic regions governing days to heading (DH), grain filling duration (GFD), grain number per spike (GNPS), grain weight per spike (GWPS), plant height (PH), and grain yield (GY) were investigated in a set of 280 diverse bread wheat genotypes. The genome-wide association studies (GWAS) panel was genotyped using a 35K Axiom Array and phenotyped in five environments. The GWAS analysis showed a total of 27 Bonferroni-corrected marker-trait associations (MTAs) on 15 chromosomes representing all three wheat subgenomes.
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