Dynamics expression of during embryonic early development of .

Background: Calcium signaling are conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates and plays critical roles in many molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and postnatal development. As a critical component of the signaling pathway, the RyR medicated calcium-induced calcium release signaling system, has been well studied along with their regulator FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12/Calstabin). Lack of FKBP12 is known to result in lethal cardiac dysfunction in mouse. However, precisely how FKBP12 is regulated and effects calcium signaling in remains largely unknown.

Results: In this study, we identified both temporal and localization changes in expression of a translational and transcriptional regulator of RyR (DmRyR) and FKBP12, through embryonic development. is first expressed at the syncytial blastoderm stage and undergoes increased expression during the cellular blastoderm and early gastrulation stages. At late gastrulation, expression begins to decline until it reaches homeostasis, which it then maintains throughout the rest of development. Throughout these described changes in expression, DmFKBP12 mRNA remain stable, which indicates that protein dynamics are attributed to regulation at the mRNA to protein translation level. In addition to temporal changes in expression, dynamic expression profiles during development also revealed DmFKBP12 localization. Although DmFKBP12 is distributed evenly between the anterior to posterior poles of the blastoderm egg, the protein is expressed more strongly in the cortex of the early gastrula with the highest concentration found in the basement membrane of the cellular blastoderm. Fertilized egg, through the profile as under-membrane cortex distribution concentering onto basement at cellular blastoderm, to the profile as three-gem layer localization in primitive neuronal and digestion architecture of early gastrula. By late gastrulation, DmFKBP12 is no longer identified in the yolk or lumen of duct structures and has relocated to the future brain (suboesophageal and supraesophageal ganglions), ventral nervous system, and muscular system. Throughout these changes in distribution, in situ mRNA monitoring detected equal distribution of mRNA, once again indicating that regulation of occurs at the translational level in development.

Conclusion: As a critical regulator of the DmRyR-FKBP complex, DmFKBP12 expression in fluctuates temporally and geographically with the formation of organ systems. These finding indicate that and RyR associated calcium signaling plays an essential role in the successful development of . Further study on the differences between mammalian RyR-FKBP12 and DmRyR-FKBP12 can be exploited to develop safe pesticides.