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Background: Preterm labor syndrome is associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality, and intra-amniotic infection is a cause of preterm labor. The standard identification of causative microorganisms is based on the use of biochemical phenotypes, together with broth dilution-based antibiotic susceptibility from organisms grown in culture. However, such methods could not provide an accurate epidemiological aspect and a genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance leading to an inappropriate antibiotic administration.

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Purpose: Transamniotic stem cell therapy (TRASCET) with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to impact pulmonary vascular development and remodeling in experimental congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), with secondary structural cardiac effects. We sought to determine whether TRASCET has any functional impact on term fetal pulmonary hemodynamics in the nitrofen model.

Methods: Time-dated pregnant rat dams (n = 13) received nitrofen on gestational day 9 (E9) to induce fetal CDH.

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The role of intraamniotic inflammation in threatened midtrimester miscarriage.

Am J Obstet Gynecol

December 2022

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: The assessment and management of patients with threatened midtrimester miscarriage is a clinical challenge because the etiology of this condition is poorly understood.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the frequency of intraamniotic infection or inflammation and the effect of antibiotics in patients presenting with regular uterine contractions and intact membranes before 20 weeks of gestation.

Study Design: This retrospective study comprised patients who met the following criteria: (1) singleton gestation, (2) gestational age before 20 weeks, (3) the presence of regular uterine contractions confirmed by a tocodynamometer (8 or more contractions in 60 minutes), (4) intact amniotic membranes, and (5) transabdominal amniocentesis performed for the evaluation of the microbiologic and inflammatory status of the amniotic cavity.

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Resolution of acute cervical insufficiency after antibiotics in a case with amniotic fluid sludge.

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med

December 2022

Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, Detroit, MI, USA.

Cervical insufficiency generally refers to a condition in which there is mid-trimester cervical dilatation or protruding chorioamniotic membranes in the absence of uterine contractions. Such condition is a risk factor for spontaneous mid-trimester abortion or early preterm birth, and is associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Both intra-amniotic infection and inflammation ascertained by amniocentesis have been identified in patients with cervical insufficiency, and are poor prognostic factors.

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Antibiotic administration can eradicate intra-amniotic infection or intra-amniotic inflammation in a subset of patients with preterm labor and intact membranes.

Am J Obstet Gynecol

August 2019

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Korea.

Background: Intra-amniotic infection is present in 10% of patients with an episode of preterm labor, and is a risk factor for impending preterm delivery and neonatal morbidity/mortality. Intra-amniotic inflammation is often associated with intra-amniotic infection, but is sometimes present in the absence of detectable microorganisms. Antibiotic treatment of intra-amniotic infection has traditionally been considered to be ineffective.

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