The structural composition and functional group changes in fulvic acid (FA) at various landfills were studied using ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. The electron transfer ability of FA and its ability to degrade pentachlorophenol (PCP) were also studied considering the various landfills. The results showed that the use of MR-1 as an electron donor and the simultaneous addition of fulvic acid in different stages as an electron shuttle can significantly increase the degradation rate of PCP, leading it beyond 80%. Due to the different redox properties of fulvic acid at the different landfill stages, the degradation of PCP has different reduction conversion abilities. Landfill fulvic acid is able to reduce and transform PCP because of its electron transfer ability. These functions are all conducive to promoting PCP reductive dechlorination.
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