Three-dimensional endoscopy: The future of nasoendoscopic training.

Objectives/hypothesis: Three-dimensional (3D) endoscopy is an emerging tool in surgery that provides real-time depth perception. Its benefits have been investigated in surgical training, but the current literature lacks significant objective outcome data. We aimed to objectively compare the efficacy of two-dimensional (2D) versus 3D high-definition endoscopes in novice users.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized crossover study.

Methods: Ninety-two novice medical students who used both 2D and 3D endoscopes to complete two validated tasks in a box trainer participated in the study. Time taken and error rates were measured, and subjective data were collected.

Results: Wilcoxon tests showed 3D technology was significantly faster than 2D (78 vs. 95 seconds, P = .004), and errors per task were significantly lower (3 vs. 5, P < .001). Sixty-nine percent of participants preferred the 3D endoscope.

Conclusions: 3D high-definition endoscopy could be instrumental in training the next generation of endoscopic surgeons. Further research is required in a clinical setting.

Level Of Evidence: 2b Laryngoscope, 129:1280-1285, 2019.