Background: Contactin-1 and contactin-2 are important for the maintenance of axonal integrity.
Objective: To investigate the cerebrospinal fluid levels of contactin-1 and contactin-2 in multiple sclerosis patients and controls, and their potential use as prognostic markers for neurodegeneration.
Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid contactin-1 and contactin-2 were measured in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (41), secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (26) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis patients (13) and controls (18), and in a second cohort with clinically isolated syndrome patients (88, median clinical follow-up period of 2.3 years) and controls (20). Correlations/linear regressions were analysed with other baseline cerebrospinal fluid axonal damage markers and cross-sectional/longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging features.
Results: Contactin-1 and contactin-2 levels were up to 1.4-fold reduced in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (contactin-1: = 0.01, contactin-2: = 0.02) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (contactin-1: = 0.05, contactin-2: = 0.02) compared to controls. In clinically isolated syndrome patients, contactin-1 tended to increase when compared to controls ( = 0.07). Both contactin-1 and contactin-2 correlated with neurofilament light, neurofilament heavy and magnetic resonance imaging metrics differently depending on the disease stage. In clinically isolated syndrome patients, baseline contactin-2 level (β = -0.42, = 0.04) predicted the longitudinal decline in cortex volume.
Conclusion: Cerebrospinal fluid contactin-1 and contactin-2 reveal axonal dysfunction in various stages of multiple sclerosis and their inclusion to the biomarker panel may provide better insight into the extent of axonal damage/dysfunction.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055217318819535 | DOI Listing |
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