AI Article Synopsis
- Laminin (Ln)-332, composed of α3, β3, and γ2 chains, helps epithelial cells stick to the basement membrane, but Ln-γ2 can act alone in cancer invasion areas, boosting tumor cell growth and movement.
- Current methods to detect monomeric Ln-γ2 are limited as there's no specific antibody available; however, researchers have created targeted monoclonal antibodies and developed a sensitive automated test to measure its levels in serum.
- The study found that serum monomeric Ln-γ2 is a promising biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suggests that combining it with another marker, PIVKA-II, may improve diagnostic accuracy for HCC
Article Abstract
Laminin (Ln)-332 consists of α3, β3, and γ2 chains, which mediate epithelial cell adhesion to the basement membrane. Ln-γ2, a component of Ln-332, is frequently expressed as a monomer in the invasion front of several types of malignant tissues without simultaneous expression of Ln-α3 and/or Ln-β3 chains. Moreover, monomeric Ln-γ2 induces tumor cell proliferation and migration in vitro. These unique biological activities indicate that monomeric Ln-γ2 could be a candidate biomarker for early cancer surveillance. However, the present immune method for monomeric Ln-γ2 detection can only predict its expression, since no antibody that specifically reacts with monomeric γ2, but not with heterotrimeric γ2 chain, is commercially available. We have, therefore, developed monoclonal antibodies to specifically detect monomeric Ln-γ2, and devised a highly sensitive method to measure serum monomeric Ln-γ2 levels using a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA). We evaluated its diagnostic value in sera from patients with several digestive cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and found serum monomeric Ln-γ2 to be a clinically available biomarker for HCC surveillance. The combination of monomeric Ln-γ2 and prothrombin induced by Vitamin K Absence II (PIVKA-II) may be more sensitive for clinical diagnosis of HCC than any currently used combination.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6337480 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010226 | DOI Listing |
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