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Background: Few trials have tested targeted environmental control (EC) interventions based on biomarkers of second hand smoke (SHS) exposure and allergen sensitization in reducing asthma emergency department (ED) visits in children with poorly controlled asthma.
Methods: Overall, 222 children with poorly controlled asthma were randomized into a home-based EC intervention (INT) or control (CON) group and followed for ED visits over 12 months. All children received allergen-specific IgE serologic testing and SHS exposure biomarker testing to inform the EC intervention. Pharmacy data was examined for asthma medication fills. Cox proportional hazards and multivariate regression models were performed to examine factors associated with repeat ED visits.
Results: There was no difference in increased risk of >1 ED visit at 12 months between INT and CON groups. Most children (75%) had moderate/severe persistent asthma. Over half (56%) had SHS exposure and 83% tested positive for >1 allergen sensitization. Among children without SHS exposure, the median time to first recurrent ED visit differed by group (CON: 195; INT: >365 days) after adjusting for child age, allergic sensitization, medication fills prior to baseline, controller medication use, and the interaction between group status and SHS exposure. Children who had positive allergic sensitizations, younger, had increased controller medication use and randomized to the CON group and had no SHS exposure had increased risk for a repeat ED visit over 12 months.
Conclusions: In this study, a home-based EC intervention was not successful in reducing asthma ED revisits in children with poorly controlled asthma with SHS exposure. Allergic sensitization, young age, and increased controller medication use were important predictors of asthma ED visits.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.24239 | DOI Listing |
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) can cause various health problems among different age groups worldwide. Socioeconomic factors may influence the distribution of SHS exposure among population subgroups. We aimed to estimate socioeconomic inequality in SHS exposure and identify its contributing factors among a sample of Iranian adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Int
December 2024
ISGlobal, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de investigación biomédica en red en epidemiología y salud pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Introduction: By recent estimates, 40% of children worldwide are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS), which has been associated with adverse health outcomes. While numerous studies have linked maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) to widespread differences in child blood DNA methylation (DNAm), research specifically examining postnatal SHS exposure remains sparse. To address this gap, we conducted epigenome-wide meta-analyses to identify associations of postnatal SHS and child blood DNAm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNicotine Tob Res
December 2024
Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Introduction: Second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure during pregnancy is associated with negative health outcomes. We aimed to explore Israeli pregnant women's perspectives on SHS exposure, with a focus on barriers and enablers to reducing SHS exposure at home and in the car.
Methods: Qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews with 68 women - 54 Jewish and 14 Arab.
Food Chem
December 2024
Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand.
In the present study, proso millet starch (PMS) was treated with SHS (120-160 °C for 1-5 min) to investigate the molecular interactions and techno-functional, rheological, and digestible properties. Exposure to SHS induced the degradation of helical structure, and longer chains, reducing amylose, blue value, optical density, and relative crystallinity. Meanwhile, SHS treatment might have introduced hydro‑carbonyl groups, eventually increasing water absorption capacity, swelling power, and transparency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
December 2024
French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), UR QuaPA, MASS Group, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France. Electronic address:
While autoxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) is a potential source of furan and its derivatives, the regulatory obligation to enrich powdered infant formulae (PIF) with some of these compounds might raise safety issues. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of formulation and home storage conditions on the generation of furan and its derivatives in PIF. Furan, 2-methylfuran (2-MF) and 3-methylfuran (3-MF) were monitored by a validated SHS-GC-Q Exactive-Orbitrap MS method in six PIF formulated with high or low concentrations of different PUFAs (ALA, ARA, DHA), pro-oxidants (iron) and anti-oxidants (vitamins) and stored for 21 days under more or less oxidizing home storage conditions, including temperature (19 °C or 40 °C) and oxygen exposure (protected or not from ambient air).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!