Three-port single-intercostal versus multiple-intercostal thoracoscopic lobectomy for the treatment of lung cancer: a propensity-matched analysis.

Background: In this retrospective study, we aimed to demonstrated that three-port single-intercostal (SIC) thoracoscopic lobectomy is an effective choice for lung cancer by comparing the perioperative outcomes of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with three-port SIC and conventional multiple-intercostal (MIC) thoracoscopic lobectomy.

Methods: From January 2013 to January 2018, 642 non-small-cell lung cancer patients underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy via a three-port SIC or MIC technique. Propensity-matched analysis incorporating preoperative clinical variables was used to compare the perioperative outcomes between the two groups.

Results: The first 20 patients were excluded to account for the learning curve effect in the SIC group. Propensity matching yielded 186 patients in each group. A small percentage of patients had major morbidity, including 4.8% in the SIC group and 6.5% in the MIC group; there was no significant difference between the two groups. Although the total number of lymph nodes harvested (25.3 vs. 23.8, p = 0.160) and stations removed (6.5 vs. 6.7, p = 0.368) were similar between the two groups, more subcarinal lymph nodes were removed (6.9 vs. 5.2, p < 0.001) in the SIC group than in the MIC group. Furthermore, other perioperative outcomes in the SIC group were not fewer than those in the MIC group.

Conclusions: Both techniques are acceptable for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Three-port SIC VATS lobectomy can provide an alternative procedure in thoracoscopic surgery.