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Endocrine Hormones and Their Impact on Pubertal Gynecomastia.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China.
Pubertal gynecomastia (PG) is a common condition characterized by the abnormal development and hyperplasia of unilateral or bilateral breast tissue in adolescent males, affecting up to 50% of appropriately aged adolescents and exhibiting rising prevalence over recent years. The etiology of PG is multifaceted, encompassing physiological, pharmacological, and pathological factors. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from a comprehensive selection of peer-reviewed literature, including observational studies, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and case reports, to explore the pivotal role of endocrine hormones in the pathogenesis of PG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong term effects of aromatase inhibitor treatment in patients with aromatase excess syndrome.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) is a rare genetic disorder that leads to excessive conversion of androgens to estrogens, causing issues like gynecomastia and delayed puberty in males, and fewer cases reported in females.
- A family study revealed that all four members with AEXS shared a specific genetic deletion, and the long-term use of aromatase inhibitors like letrozole improved symptoms such as accelerated growth and gynecomastia.
- Treatment outcomes varied among family members: significant gains in adult height and reduction of gynecomastia were noted in the male patients, while the female sibling experienced normal puberty development and growth with a combination of therapies.*
Quality of Life Measured Using the BODY-Q After Adolescent Gynecomastia Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.
Plast Surg (Oakv)
May 2024
Division of Plastic Surgery, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Article Synopsis
- Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are utilized to gather feedback from patients, particularly focusing on adolescents after gynecomastia surgery to understand their quality of life.
- The study involved adolescent patients at British Columbia Children's Hospital, analyzing their responses to the Body Contouring Questionnaire (BODY-Q) and comparing their scores to normative data.
- Results showed that patients who had surgery had significantly higher satisfaction with chest appearance and psychological well-being than their peers, highlighting the positive impact of gynecomastia surgery and its potential to reduce stigma.
Assessment of pediatric breast ultrasound less is more: a practical imaging approach.
Acta Radiol
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphologic and Functional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario "G.Martino", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Breast cancer is very rare in pediatric patients, and while ultrasound (US) is often used for those showing symptoms, this study questions its necessity.
- The research examined 579 patients under 19, mainly girls, and found that most had normal clinical exams and US results, with only a small percentage requiring biopsies or surgeries.
- Findings suggest that if clinical evaluations are normal, breast US can be skipped entirely, which would have saved 52% of the patients from unnecessary ultrasound procedures.
Evolution of a local adolescent breast imaging service.
Clin Radiol
December 2024
Barts Health NHS Trust W Smithfield, London, EC1A 7BE, UK.
Article Synopsis
- A dedicated paediatric breast clinic was established in 2020 to improve the referral process and standardize management for patients under 18 with breast-related symptoms, replacing varied local approaches.
- A retrospective study from 2017 to 2022 revealed an increase in referrals, mainly for breast lumps in the 15-18 age group, with ultrasound findings showing a significant number of normal breasts and fibroadenomas.
- The new clinic has led to more efficient care, reducing unnecessary procedures and easing the burden on adult breast units, while highlighting the need for timely reviews of unusual cases.
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