White Matter Fiber Tractography Using Nonuniform Rational B-Splines Curve Fitting.

The study of neural connectivity has grown rapidly in the past decade. Revealing brain anatomical connection improves not only clinical measures but also cognition understanding. In order to achieve this goal, we have to track neural fiber pathways first. Aiming to estimate 3D fiber pathways more accurately from orientation distribution function (ODF) fields, we presented a novel tracking method based on nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBS) curve fitting. First, we constructed ODF fields from high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) datasets using diffusion orientation transform (DOT) method. Second, under the angular and length constraints, the consecutive diffusion directions were extracted along each fiber pathway starting from a seed voxel. Finally, after the coordinates of the control points and their corresponding weights were determined, NURBS curve fitting was employed to track fiber pathways. The performance of the proposal has been evaluated on the tractometer phantom and real brain datasets. Based on several measure metrics, the resulting fiber pathways show promising anatomic consistency.